Hundreds of police were repressed to disperse the crowd because the New York City Unemployed Congress was exercising their right to assemble in Union Square Park without their permission. Shortly thereafter, on March 29, 1908, Silverstein, one of two anarchists, Ignatz Hildebrand and Selig Silverstein, attempted to throw a bomb at the police. They were seen as the culprits, but unfortunately the crude bomb exploded at the moment they threw it. Hildebrand was killed instantly by the explosion. Silverstein had his hands and eyes blown off and died shortly after. This photo was taken about 20 seconds after he blew himself up with the crude bomb. Shortly before Silverstein's death, he said, "I came to the park to kill the police. I detest them. He confessed.
In 1908, there were more than 100 cities in the U.S. with a population of more than 50,000. Not surprisingly, crime was an increasing concern. The cities were crowded with poor, disappointed immigrants. Corruption was widespread throughout the country in local governments and large corporations. Ford introduced the Model T automobile, making the number of cars more economically viable. The poor became both the source and the target of criminals. An anarchic movement grew, consisting of violent extremists, strongly influenced by ideology, and committed to overthrowing the government, which the poor hated.
The police were unable to contain the crime. Local and state police officers were poorly trained, poorly paid, and irrelevant. on September 6, 1901, anarchist Leon Czolgosz shot and killed President McKinley in Buffalo, New York. McKinley died eight days later, and President Theodore Roosevelt was sworn in. Roosevelt believed that federal action was necessary to bring justice to industrial society.
In 1906, Roosevelt appointed Charles Bonaparte (grandson of Napoleon) as the second Secretary of Justice. Bonaparte found that the police alone were inadequate to combat the growing problem of crime and corruption. American lawyers were searching for facts for investigators to file lawsuits. It was necessary for Bonaparte to hire a highly trained and advanced intelligence agency. The intelligence officer did not manage Bonaparte's own investigations, but reported directly to the head of the intelligence service.
In May 1908, fearing that Roosevelt would overstep his executive authority, Congress banned the creation of intelligence agencies in all federal departments; on July 26, 1908, Bonaparte established a "regular team of experts" and ordered the Justice Department to refer most investigative cases to this intelligence agency. This intelligence agency initially consisted of nine well-trained intelligence investigators and twenty-five principal agents. 1935, it was renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). In 1935, the Bureau was renamed the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which was differentiated into the CIA, which was the overseas intelligence agency, and the FBI, which was mainly the domestic intelligence agency in the United States.
