4/30/2021

Corpses and bombs were removed from the rubble from the ruins of Hamburg, which was destroyed by a British indiscriminate air raid.

 Civilian German citizens worked to remove bodies and bombs from the rubble from the ruins of Hamburg, which had collapsed in an indiscriminate British air raid. The corpses of civilian German citizens who were killed in the bombing by plunging headfirst into the rubble were buried in the scattered rubble. Civilian German citizens searched for their relatives and bodies in the rubble.

 In the eleven days of the summer of 1943 alone, Allied bombers carried out six massive, indiscriminate raids on some 1.75 million civilians in Hamburg, Germany's second largest city. In addition to attacking German munitions factories, they also targeted German workers and their families in all cities with a population of over 100,000 to demoralize the war effort. The Royal Air Force (RAF) went crazy with civilian Germans as part of the German war machine. The only defense was offense, killing more enemy women and children faster to save their country. German citizens in the city of Hamburg called it a deadly catastrophe (die Katastrophe). A notorious, dangerous and indiscriminate air raid bombed Hamburg, collapsing some 280,000,000 buildings. Buildings were pulverized, set on fire, roads were blocked, water pipes burst, and windows and roofs were blown off. Hot winds reached a maximum of about 240 km/h, temperatures reached about 800 degrees Celsius, and residents were sucked into the flames. About 17,000 bombers bombed the city with more than 90,000 tons of bombs. About 34,000 to 43,000 German civilians, half the number of victims of the Nagasaki bomb, were killed.

 Starting on July 24, 1943, British bombers launched a midnight raid on Hamburg, Germany in Operation Gomorrah. Some 167 British civilians had been killed in the Luftwaffe's July bombing raids alone, and beginning in the evening of July 24, some 791 British bombers dropped some 2,300 tons of incendiary bombs on Hamburg in just a few hours. More than about 1,500 German civilians were killed in the first British air raid. Meanwhile, the U.S. Air Force (USAAF) launched two raids on Hamburg during the day and then bombed extensively from northern Germany during Blitz Week. It continued its strategy of wiping out Berlin, Dresden, and dozens of other cities until the end of World War II.



4/29/2021

Memorial park dedicated to South Korean soldiers, killed in the Vietnam War. Between 1965 and 1973 more than 300 thousand South Korean soldiers were sent to Vietnam to fight in the war on the South Vietnamese side.

The Korean Military Cemetery is located in a park in Seoul where Korean soldiers who died in the Vietnam War are buried. In the Korean War Cemetery in the memorial park, a mother wept over the grave where she buried the remains of her son who was killed in the Vietnam War in 1965, while her relatives supported her as she wept over her son's grave while burying flowers on New Year's Day, January 1, 1966. The Vietnam War Memorial Park was lined with the graves of countless Koreans who had died in the war, and a vast cemetery had been established for future Korean war dead. In the past, many Korean families had their last meeting with their children at the Vietnam War Deployment Convocation Ceremony. After being reviewed by Korean military officials, they saw their children off from Busan Port to be deployed to South Vietnam.

 The South Korean military entered the Vietnam War in earnest in 1965 and withdrew in 1973. A total of more than 400,000 South Korean soldiers were sent to South Vietnam to fight in the war between the South Vietnamese government forces and the U.S. forces. About 40,000 South Vietnamese soldiers were stationed in South Vietnam at any one time, including the elite forces of the Menh Ho, White Horse and Blue Dragon. Korean soldiers fighting in the Vietnam War were sent one after another from bases all over Korea to the port of Pusan, and then set sail for South Vietnam. During the Vietnam War, approximately 5,300 Korean soldiers were killed. This was the first time since prehistoric times that Korean soldiers had gone overseas to fight. Korea, a people in white, broke with its history of not persecuting other nations even when persecuted.

 It was a request from the United States to enter the Vietnam War. President Park Chung-hee of the South Korean military junta seized state power in a military coup on May 16, 1961, and became president in 1963. Seeking explosive economic growth that would become the Han River Miracle, an alliance with the United States, and a stronger Korean military, he entered the Vietnam War. He suppressed his political opponents and the pro-democracy movement, cozying up to conglomerates and becoming corrupt. he was shot dead at a banquet on October 26, 1979 by his close aide Kim Jae-gyeong of the Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA).



4/28/2021

The body of a Japanese soldier, lying on his back after being killed by British and Indian troops on the Burma front, drifts down the Shweley River in northern Burma.

On the Burma front of the Greater East Asia War, the bodies of Japanese soldiers, lying on their backs after being killed by British and Indian troops, drift down the Shweli River in northern Burma in February 1945. The British and Indian forces conducted the heaviest air and land bombardment against the Japanese forces in the Shweli River area. The British and Indian troops then forced the bombers to cross the Shweli River to the village of Myitsone for more air and land strikes. The Shweley River was the last river that prevented British and Indian troops from invading central Burma. Japanese troops fiercely resisted the crossing of the ferry. British and Indian troops invaded the village of Myitsone through the jungle after crossing the Shweley River on February 1, 1945.

 The Shweley River formed part of the boundary between Burma and China's Yunnan Province. Japanese troops moved from Rangoon in southwestern Burma to Lashio in early 1942 by rail to the north, cutting off the supply route for supplies across the border with China via the Burma Road. The Japanese occupied Burma and closed the Burma Road in 1942, cutting off the supply of Chinese Nationalist troops from Allied forces by land. The Allied forces dispatched troops to the upper reaches of the Shwe Li River in northern Burma to reach the Burma Road. On the Burma Road, the Japanese forces fiercely resisted the invasion of the Allied and Chinese forces. In early January 1945, the Allied soldiers drove the Japanese from the slopes overlooking the Burma Road. In early January 1945, they drove the Japanese out of the slope overlooking the Burma Road, firing on the Burma Road with cannons and mortars and laying mines.

 On December 26, 1941, Aung San established the Burma Independence Volunteer Army and invaded the Japanese and British-controlled Burma. Under the Japanese occupation, the Burmese nation became independent from August 1, 1943 to March 27, 1945. After the Japanese were defeated at Imphal in July 1944, Aung San's Burmese National Army recaptured the occupation by the Japanese on March 27, 1945. The British reoccupied the country until after the war when Aung San was assassinated on July 19, 1947. The Burmese military government was replaced by the official name of Burma, Myanmar, after 1989, and the ruling National League for Democracy (NLD), led by Aung San Suu Kyi, took over the civilian government in 2011. Suddenly, on February 1, 2021, the national army seized power in a coup d'état, and Supreme Commander Min Aung Hlaing took over the power of the Myanmar state.



4/27/2021

The woman with cholera was held by her husband during the 1971 Bangladesh genocide by West Pakistan, West Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

The Bangladesh Liberation War broke out from March 26, 1971 until it ended on December 16, 1971. In a refugee camp in West Dinajpur, Bangladesh, a Bangladeshi husband carried the body of his female wife, debilitated and dying of severe cholera, in his arms for help in poor conditions. The Pakistani army searched for people who were particularly likely to join the resistance, sweeping up the youth in particular. The corpses of Bangladeshi youths were scattered floating in the fields and rivers.

 The Bangladesh massacre was triggered by West Pakistan in East Pakistan on March 26, 1971. West Pakistani soldiers and military militias intervened in the Bangladesh genocide. West Pakistani troops attacked people in sight on the sidewalks of the capital Dhaka and destroyed buildings on the way. Tanks shelled the streets of Dhaka, indiscriminately blowing up people and buildings. They also shot and set fire to crowds of people in settlements. Tanks roared and cannons exploded in the main streets. The University of Dhaka and Hindu institutions were especially targeted. They executed genocide by looting valuables, raping women, and massacring unarmed civilians.

 West Pakistan's military crackdown led to the outbreak of genocide in Bangladesh, known as East Pakinstan, on March 26, 1971; on March 27, rival Bangladesh declared independence. During the nearly nine-month-long Bangladesh Liberation War, West Pakistani troops and Islamist militias crushed Bengali nationalism, killing some 200,000 to 3,000,000 people. They also massively raped some 200,000 to 400,000 Bengali women in Bangladesh. About 8 to 10 million people, mostly Hindus in Bangladesh, have fled to neighboring countries as refugees. About 30 million Bangladeshis became refugees out of a total of about 70 million. The Bengalis committed racial genocide of the Urdu Biharis, about 1,000 to 150,000.

 The U.S. made West Pakistan an ally in the Cold War. By December 16, India had forced West Pakistan into unconditional surrender and Bangladesh achieved independence.The 1948 United Nations Convention on the Crime of Genocide defined genocide as mass abuse and genocide that results in the total or partial destruction of a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group. 



4/26/2021

The Greek Civil War erupted in December 1944, pulling British forces into combat in Athens. Over the next five years this devastating conflict would shatter Greece and transform Europe.

During the Greek Civil War, the Greek Democratic National Army (GNA), attacked by Andante guerrillas, launched mortars at the village of Kastania. The mortar exploded outside an open window of a house. The inhabitant was blown to the left side of the head and died instantly. The dead body of the bombed Andante guerrilla was lying on the ground. His family and the wives of the neighbors surrounded the body. On the body's chest was a bouquet of flowers and a 10,000 drachma bill worth $2, the price of passage to the afterlife. They surrounded the corpse of the guerrilla and chanted a Christian chant while wailing. The village of Kastania, a stronghold of the Greek guerrillas, was occupied by the Nazi Germans during World War II, and about 260 of its 280 houses were destroyed. After that, about 600 Greek residents went into hiding. The Greek guerrillas were called Andantes, and when the Andantes resumed their guerrilla activities around September 1946, the military police of the Greek government forces left without being able to capture the guerrillas hiding in the area of the Pindus mountain range.

 The military police countered the guerrilla activities with a strict economic blockade. The military police countered the guerrillas with a severe economic blockade, blocking the local residents of the Pindus mountain range from bringing in food, clothing, and all other daily necessities. The biggest victims of the economic blockade were the local residents, who risked being mistreated and massacred if they went to the nearby village of Caravada to buy groceries because they were suspected of being Andante guerrillas.

 During the occupation of Greece by Nazi Germany, Andante guerrillas who joined the Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS) took part in the resistance movement. When the occupation of Greece was liberated, the leftist resistance movement branded them as communists. Locally, they were excluded because of their background and fell into unemployment. On the contrary, the Greek Democratic National Army (GNA), which included collaborators against Germany, was supplied with weapons by the Greek government to capture ELAS. Driven into a corner, the Andante guerrillas had no choice but to hide in the Pindus mountain range. The Andante guerrilla forces split up and became separate and independent groups.

 The Greek government forces suffered about 48,000 casualties between 1946 and 1949. The armed rebels probably suffered about half of those casualties. But death squads on both sides killed thousands of civilians, and many more died of atrocities, disease, and starvation. It was estimated that some 158,000 Greeks died as a result of the civil war. Greece was almost plunged into economic devastation.

 Italian troops withdrew from Greece in the summer of 1943 and German troops in September 1944. In December 1944, the Greek National Army (GNA), with the support of British troops, defeated the EAM and ELAS. The GNA gained the upper hand by receiving a large supply of military supplies from the US.

 Greece was liberated from the Axis forces and the government-in-exile returned; the December Incident broke out on December 3, 1944, and the conflict between the Communist Left (EMA/ELS) and the Royalist Right (EDES) became more acute, leading to the outbreak of the Greek Civil War in 1946. The communist forces, supported by the Soviet Union and neighboring Yugoslavia, organized a guerrilla force called the Greek Democratic Army (DAG). The United States of America replaced Britain, which was suffering from financial difficulties after the war, and began to fully support the royalist right-wing government with the Marshall Plan. Furthermore, after 1948, Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union came into conflict, and the communist forces in Greece supported the Soviet Union, so the aid from Yugoslavia was lost, and the civil war ended with the defeat of the communist forces in 1949. 


 

4/25/2021

During Spain’s Red Terror, Exhumed corpses in front of a convent in Spain desecrated by the Loyalist militia during the Spanish Civil War, September/October 1936.

In September-October 1936, during the Spanish Civil War, militias of the leftist Republican (Loyalist) faction attacked the Catholic Church in Barcelona. They dug up the coffin and the body of a nun who was buried in the convent, and desecrated the body of the nun in front of the convent of the Catholic Church by opening the coffin and exposing it openly. Church tombs were opened and the corpses of saints, priests and nuns were exhumed in the streets, displayed and desecrated.

 Between 1936 and 1939 during the Spanish Civil War, about 6,800 or more Catholic clergy and religious in Spain were killed in red terror by the leftist Republican faction (Loyalists). In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Catholic Church supported the Spanish monarchy. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the Catholic Church supported the Spanish monarchy, and during the Spanish Civil War, the Republicans abused and massacred the Catholic Church as anti-Catholic. This was the most violent and cruel persecution of the Catholic Church in Western history.

 At that time in Spain, aristocrats were tyrants in their own lands and ruled over the lives of peasants and citizens as omnipotent and absolute rulers. The priests of the Catholic Church allied themselves with the nobility and aided and benefited from their rule. The Church became the stronghold of the corrupt Catholic Church, which dominated the religious orders. In order to wrest political control from the Catholic Church, the emerging peasants and citizens of Spain were sworn enemies of the Catholic Church, which was linked to the nobility through the Red Terror. 

During the Spanish Civil War, death and destruction on the battle front coincided with murder and repression behind it. Most of the deaths in the first months of the Spanish Civil War were not from war, but from political executions of Red or White terrorists. The distinction between civilians and combatants became blurred, and atrocities were rampant against social and political enemies. The number of victims of the Red Terror was estimated to be between about 38,000 and 72,344. Red terrorism began with the killing of rebels after the failure of insurgencies in major cities. It expanded into mass arrests and executions against right-wing or Catholic churches.

 The rebel (nationalist) Francoists who won the Spanish Civil War propagated that the bloody red terror of the Republican faction had led to the extermination of a vast number of their fellow citizens. The nationalist victims who died were justly and nobly honored as martyrs. Since 1987, the Vatican, the headquarters of Catholics, has canonized some 1,916 martyrs and canonized 11 others. 



4/24/2021

A 24-year-old survivor of the Hiroshima atomic bomb was exposed in the womb of his mother and suffered from severe intellectual disability due to microcephaly.

Nobuko Kogusa, a 24-year-old girl who was exposed in utero to the Hiroshima atomic bomb, was born on March 7, 1946. Due to the explosion of the atomic bomb, the fetus, which had been in the mother's womb for about two months, suffered genetic damage caused by radiation. Microcephaly is a markedly small head circumference. Microcephaly, caused by early exposure to radiation from a short distance from the hypocenter, was recognized as an atomic bomb disease on September 7, 1967. It is accompanied by severe mental retardation, with a child's level of intelligence, which interferes with daily life and social activities. With multiple disabilities, he was born with a congenital deformity that resulted in the total loss of function of his right ankle joint. She is 24 years old, but her height is only about that of an elementary school student.

 Eighteen parents and supporters of children with microcephaly who were exposed to the atomic bomb in utero have formed the Mushroom Association at P.O. Box 119, Hiroshima City Naka Bureau. The Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission (ABCC), established by the U.S. during the occupation, published a paper in 1952 on 16 disabled children with A-bomb microcephaly. The ABCC, which investigated and studied microcephaly in children exposed in utero in Hiroshima, explained to parents of children suffering from A-bomb microcephaly that it was caused by malnutrition during pregnancy. In 1965, through research by the Hiroshima Study Group, the parties discovered a 1952 academic English paper that provided scientific evidence for A-bomb microcephaly, and in 1965, the Mushroom Association of 18 children and parents with A-bomb microcephaly was formed. In 1965, 18 children and their parents with A-bomb microcephaly formed the Mushroom Association, and in 1967, thanks to the social activism of those involved in the Mushroom Association and others, the Japanese government recognized the causal relationship between A-bomb microcephaly and the atomic bomb and issued an A-bomb Survivor Certificate.

 The name of the Mushroom Association comes from the phrase, "A life born under a mushroom cloud. Even if they live in the shade, we want them to grow up like mushrooms, pushing aside the fallen leaves" was the wish of the parents, children and supporters. The Mushroom Club for A-bomb Microcephaly suffered from the double discrimination of being an A-bomb survivor and a disabled person.



4/23/2021

During the Battle of Mukden in the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese army pursued the Russian army while passing by the bodies of military soldiers who were killed and scattered in the battle of Lee Ganpo.

During the Battle of Mukden in the Russo-Japanese War, the corpses of slain soldiers were strewn in a heap at the Battle of Li Kang Bao on March 7, 1905. The Japanese soldiers pursued the Russians, passing by the many dead bodies. The Japanese invaded the Russian army to the north from Li Guan Bao, located about 120 kilometers west of Mukden, just after they had approached Mukden City by direct route. Li Guan Bao was the central axis that bypassed and surrounded the Russian forces. In the Battle of Li Guan Bao, the Russians attacked Li Guan Bao, the central axis of the Japanese forces.

 In Dehongtun, about 2 kilometers east of Li Guan Bao, which became a ferocious battlefield, and in the three houses to the south of it, the Japanese forces collapsed and were trapped under the siege of the Russian forces. The deaths of Yoshioka Yua, who was killed at Sangenya in the Battle of Li Guan Bao, Okoshi Kenkichi, who committed suicide because he could not report the danger to the Japanese army, and Ichikawa Kiji, who was killed in action at the Battle of Liaoyang, made the people talk about their fierce and peerless stories of loyalty and courage after the Russian War.

 However, some Russian troops had already started to retreat from Li Guan Bao to Hun River in the early morning of March 7. The Japanese troops pursued and attacked the Russian troops that had begun to partially retreat. On March 8, the Japanese army, which had been fiercely attacked by the Russians, suffered heavy losses and was destroyed and in chaos. On March 10, the Russian army was attacked from behind by the Japanese army and split up, and the area around Mukden Castle fell into a huge confrontation. On March 10, the Russian army was attacked from behind by the Japanese army, and the area around Mukden Castle fell into a major confrontation. The Russian army began a full-scale retreat to the north on March 10, but the crippled Japanese army found it difficult to pursue the Russian army to the north. 

 From February 21, 1905, the Battle of Mukden, the most costly battle of the Russo-Japanese War, broke out in Mukden (Shenyang), Manchuria, China, between about 250,000 Japanese and 350,000 Russian troops. On March 10, the last and most costly battle of the Russo-Japanese War ended with the Russians retreating and the Japanese occupying Mukden Castle. The casualties of the Japanese forces were about 70,000 (of which about 15,000 were killed in action). Russian casualties were about 60,000 (including about 9,000 killed in action and about 8,000 missing in action) and 20,800 prisoners of war. March 10, the day of Mukden's entry into the city, became Army Day to celebrate the victory.



4/22/2021

At the Battle of Gettysburg, the corpses of Confederate soldiers killed by the Union Army were scattered in an area called the "Massacre Pen" near Little Round Top.

The bodies of Confederate soldiers killed by Union troops were scattered in an area called the "Slaughter Pen" in the vicinity of Little Round Top during the American Civil War Battle of Gettysburg. Four Confederate soldiers had been killed in action in the hills near Gettysburg.

 Little Round Top is the smaller of the two rocky hills south of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. It is the cousin of an adjacent tall hill named Big Round Top. Both the Union and Confederate armies kept up a strong barrage of fire, with repeated assaults and counter assaults. It was the site of a failed Confederate attack on the Union left flank on July 2, 1863, the second day of the Battle of Gettysburg during the Civil War.

 The Battle of Little Round Top was successfully defended by Union troops. The colonel was mortally wounded during the battle and died five days later. The Union Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment, commanded by Chamberlain, fought a bloody battle against the Confederates. Depleted of ammunition and ordered to counterattack with fixed bayonets, they came down from their dramatic descent and charged the Confederates with bayonets, forcing the confused Confederates to surrender from Little Round Top. The Union battle that maintained Little Round Top became one of the most important engagements of the entire Civil War during the Battle of Gettysburg. The Confederate army crushed the already deflated Union army, and the possibility of pushing the Union government to the Civil War peace negotiating table disappeared.

 Of the approximately 2,996 men who had served with the Union Army at Little Round Top, about 134 were killed in action, about 402 were wounded, and about 29 were missing. Of the approximately 4,864 Confederate casualties, about 279 were killed in action, about 868 were wounded, and 219 were missing.



4/21/2021

In Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, a large number of corpses of Cheka victims slaughtered by the Red Army were unearthed at 5 Sadova Street after the withdrawal of the Soviet Red Army.

In Kiev, the capital of Ukraine, a large number of bodies of Cheker victims massacred by the Red Army after the Soviet Red Army withdrew in 1919 were exhumed at 5 Sadova Street. The area was a stronghold of Bolshevik terror. The Soviet Red Army, the Ukrainian Bolsheviks massacred the proletarians as enemies of the dictatorship. The victims of the Ukrainian Bolsheviks were stripped naked, mutilated and massacred, and their bodies were buried in the ground.

 From December 1917 to November 1921, the Soviet-Ukrainian War broke out between the People's Republic of Ukraine (Kiev) and the Soviet Union and its puppet regime, the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, over control of Ukraine. The conflict took place after the Russian Revolution and ended with the victory of the Soviet Red Army Faction. During the war, Ukrainians were subjected to significant mistreatment and massacres, with about one in ten Ukrainians killed. in December 1922, the Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic was incorporated into and controlled by the Soviet Union.

 During World War I, the Russian Empire collapsed in the February Revolution of 1917. This was followed in July 1917 by the creation of the Central Rada government in Ukraine. After the October Revolution in Russia, a provisional government was established by the revolutionary left. The Central Rada government proclaimed the founding of the "People's Republic of Ukraine" in November 1917. The Russian Provisional Government and the Central Rada government were at odds over the expansion of Ukraine's autonomous territories. The Russian Soviet regime refused to recognize the Ukrainian People's Republic and dispatched the Soviet Red Army to Ukraine in December 1917. In December 1917, the Soviet Red Army was dispatched to Ukraine, and the country was plunged into the Ukraine-Soviet War, which lasted about four years.

 The Riga Peace Treaty, signed in response to the Polish-Soviet War of February 1919 to March 1921, divided and dismantled the territory of the Ukrainian People's Republic between Poland and the Soviet Union. The territory of the Ukrainian People's Republic was divided, dismantled, and controlled by Poland and the Soviet Union.

 In the meantime, under the auspices of the Russian Soviet government, the Ukrainian Socialist Republic was established at the Third All-Ukrainian Congress of Soviets in 1919; in December 1922, it became a republic constituting the Soviet Union. In December 1922, it became a republic constituting the Soviet Union.





4/20/2021

General Dwight Eisenhowerand other high-ranking U.S. Army officers view the bodies of prisoners who were killed during the evacuation of Ohrdruf concentration camp in April 1945.

Allied Commander-in-Chief Eisenhower inspects the bodies of a number of prisoners at the Ohrdruf concentration camp, which was first liberated by American troops on April 4, 1945, on April 12. In order to prevent Nazi Germany from admitting to the Holocaust, all nearby Allied personnel, including military personnel, were ordered to pass through and inspect the concentration camp.

 American soldiers were not spared the horrors of Nazi Germany's atrocities. The first Nazi concentration camp to be liberated by the U.S. military was the Ohrdruf concentration camp, a branch of the Buchenwald concentration camp, which was liberated on April 4, 1945. After it was liberated by the U.S. military, Allied Commander-in-Chief Dwight D. Eisenhower inspected Ohrdruf camp on April 12 and ordered all nearby U.S. military officials to visit Ohrdruf concentration camp. Between 1937 and 1945, some 250,000 people were imprisoned in all the camps, and at least 56,000 prisoners were massacred, including probably about 11,000 Jews.

 The U.S. military also liberated the Buchenwald concentration camp in Weimar, Germany, the headquarters of the Ohrdruf concentration camp department, on April 11. When they reached the concentration camp, they broke through the thick barbed wire fence surrounding it. The fence, which prevented prisoners from escaping the horrible death camps, was electrically heated. When they broke through the fence, the unexpected Nazi German soldiers had retreated. As we scouted the concentration camp, we saw several buildings with large chimneys that had been used as crematoriums. As we approached the camp buildings, we crossed prisoners with troublesome looks in their eyes. The prisoners were skin and bones from extreme starvation. As we passed through the camp, we came upon a horrific scene at the mass grave of the Holocaust victims. The mass grave was a pile of naked corpses about 1.5 meters high, filled with stench and horrible smell. The bodies were piled up like firewood and scattered all over the concentration camp. American soldiers were shocked at the way they were taken to the poison gas chambers and killed.

 When American troops liberated the Buchenwald concentration camp, they found about 21,000 emaciated and starving prisoners and piles of dead bodies. Eisenhower wanted as many soldiers as possible to inspect the concentration camps, assuming that "the day will come when the son of a bitch will say that this never happened. He ordered soldiers to witness the horrors. The victims of the concentration camps included not only Jews, but also atrocities committed against non-Jewish prisoners. When other Nazi concentration camps were liberated, many American soldiers suffered emotional post-traumatic syndrome from the horrors they witnessed. It included tears, screams, denial, and hatred. The barbaric way in which prisoners were treated, killed, and buried in the death camps was inhumane. The release of the prisoners may have mitigated some of the devastating effects of the Holocaust, but the tragic events will forever haunt.



4/19/2021

British battleships bombarded an old-fashioned Alexandria fortress, killing Egyptian soldiers in the fortress and scattering numerous dead bodies.

The Egyptian army reinforced the defense of Alexandria with old style Krupp guns against the British fleet. The British Mediterranean Fleet bombarded the fortified Egyptian city of Alexandria from July 11 to 13, 1882. The British fleet bombarded and blasted at the outdated fortress. A large number of Egyptian soldiers were killed inside the bombarded fortress, and many bodies were scattered. Shelling from the British fleet hit the urban area of Alexandria, killing and wounding civilians. It damaged many buildings and caused fires in the area. The fires caused chaos, looting, and arson that burned the urban area to the ground. (I documented the bombardment of Alexandria in an album of about 50 pages). 

 Egypt's importance to Britain increased dramatically after the Suez Canal opened between 1859 and 1869. Travel time between Britain and India was cut by about half. after 1805, Egypt was ruled by the Ottoman Empire. Egypt was in financial ruin due to its large investments, and sold its stake in the Suez Canal Company to the British in 1875. The Egyptian Minister of War, Ullah Bey, converted Egypt into a military government in a coup d'etat in January 1882. The Egyptian military government fortified Alexandria on the Mediterranean coast to counter the British fleet occupying the Suez Canal. on June 11, 1882, a dispute over donkey fares led to riots in Alexandria city. Hundreds of people, including about 50 foreigners, were killed.

 British troops landed immediately after the bombardment of Alexandria on July 13. They held the Suez Canal gains and suppressed the anarchy in Alexandria caused by the Ulaby rebellion. From the landing in Alexandria to September 6, about 24,000 British troops and 7,000 Indian troops were assembled in Egypt. Fighting broke out with the Egyptian army at Tel Erbil, between Alexandria and the Suez Canal, on September 13. British troops took Cairo on September 14, and the British put down the Ullahbi revolution. Egypt became a British protectorate from 1914 to 1922; Egypt became independent in 1936, but the Suez Canal remained under British control after World War II. Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal on July 26, 1956, and took control of it after the Suez Crisis broke out. 



4/18/2021

Just before the end of the Gulf War, the corpses of of Iraqi soldiers remained on the desert streets of the Highway of Death in southeastern Iraq.

 In the Gulf War, Iraqi soldiers were killed and their bodies left lying on their backs on a desert road in southeastern Iraq on February 25-26, 1991, in an attack targeting Iraqi ground troops retreating along the Highway of Death. Wreckage and bodies were abandoned from about 1,800 vehicles that smoldered from about 8 km outside Kuwait City to about 80 km just before the Iraqi border. About 10,000 Iraqi soldiers were attacked, and thousands of Iraqis were killed or wounded.

 The Gulf War broke out from August 2, 1990 to February 28, 1991, with U.S. troops leading a coalition of about 30 countries fighting against Iraqi forces. Following Iraqi claims that Kuwait was illegally drilling for oil across the Iraqi border, Iraq invaded Kuwait on August 2, 1990. Fighting was confined to the border areas of Iraq, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. Iraqi forces killed approximately 1,082 civilian noncombatants, including Kuwaiti women, children, and the disabled.

 A U.N. Security Council resolution passed on November 29, Resolution 678 gave Iraq a withdrawal deadline of January 15, 1991, and authorized all means of force in Resolution 660 On January 12, 1991, the U.S. Congress authorized military force to drive Iraq out of Kuwait. Immediately after the withdrawal deadline, it executed the aerial component of Operation Desert Storm, launching more than 1,000 sorties per day beginning in the early morning hours of January 17, 1991.

 The Persian Gulf War saw the use of precision-guided bombs, cluster bombs, BLU-82s, and cruise missiles in aerial operations that retained enormous killing power. Depleted uranium (DU) was first used on the battlefield in the Gulf War as anti-tank artillery; DU is a heavy metal and chemical poison that is nephrotoxic and teratogenic. On February 13, 1991, two laser-guided smart bombs killed civilian Iraqis when they were dropped on a residential area. On February 26, Iraqi forces began withdrawing across the border, and U.S. forces launched an armored assault on Iraqi forces just west of Kuwait, and conducted massive air raids on the unprotected desert areas of southern Iraq. The US military declared Kuwait liberated on February 27. 

 A Gulf War Air Power Survey (1993) of the U.S. military estimated that about 10,000 to 12,000 Iraqis were killed or wounded. In addition, about 2,300 civilian Iraqis were killed or wounded in the Gulf War. The U.S. Commerce Department's Census Bureau estimated that 86,000 Iraqi men, 39,000 women and 32,000 children were killed by coalition forces. About 2,000 Iraqi army troops surrendered. However, thousands of Iraqi soldiers were buried alive during a two-day insurrection on February 24-25, 1991. The Gulf War was widely televised, and the American public was intrigued and excited as the world watched missiles hit their targets for the first time and fighter jets take off from aircraft carriers on live TV.

  After Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in August 1990, the U.S. military engaged in a massive mobilization of military forces in Southwest Asia. Due to the massive involvement and the short-lived end of the Persian Gulf War, the US military casualties were minuscule compared to the Iraqi forces. The casualty figures were extracted from a global casualty system established by the US Department of Defense. Of the 219 U.S. military casualties (212 males and 7 females), 154 died in Gulf War combat; 65 died from non-combat causes; and 35 of the combat deaths were in Iraq. Of the combat deaths, 35 were the result of friendly fire. Eighty-three percent of all casualties were white, and the average age of death for all casualties was 26.9 years.




4/17/2021

A 4-year-old girl was exposed to the atomic bomb in Hiroshima City, and a 16-year-old girl with burns and keloids left on her left face and both hands underwent plastic surgery at the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Hospital.

The Hiroshima atomic bomb was dropped at 8:15 a.m. on August 1945, and the explosion exposed a huge number of Hiroshima citizens to the bomb. 4-year-old girl was exposed to the bomb in Hiroshima City, and was left with burns and keloids on her left face and hands. The exposed girl was admitted to the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Hospital on May 12, 1957, at the age of 16, to have the remaining scarring sequelae reshaped. After being admitted, the burns and keloids were formed by a surgical transplantation of skin from her thigh.

   The girl, nicknamed Ms. Kintoki, was about 4 years old when she was exposed to the bomb while sitting on the porch of her home in Fukushima-minami, Hiroshima, about 2 kilometers from the hypocenter. She lost consciousness and became trapped underneath another house. He was rescued by a neighboring acquaintance, and on May 12, 1957, he was admitted to the Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital for plastic surgery. He underwent a total of nine plastic surgeries, including scars on his left neck, left anterior neck, and right elbow joint; after a skin grafting operation from his thigh to the affected area on October 21, he was strapped to the bed with a belt and cord because he needed absolute rest. Partial rest was not obtained and bleeding spots remained on the left cheek. The skin on both thighs was pulled off for grafting, and the scars remained and became ugly. On December 14, the girl was discharged from the hospital.

 In 1954, the Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Hospital received a portion of the profits from the 1955 New Year's postcard lottery. The Hiroshima Atomic Bomb Hospital was set up on the premises of the Hiroshima Red Cross Hospital, which opened on September 20, 1956. In Nagasaki, the Atomic Bomb Hospital was established in May 1958 with a portion of the profits from the New Year's postcards.  In 1957, there were many leukemia patients in the hospital's internal medicine ward and many young people undergoing plastic surgery for scars in the surgical ward; by 1967, the internal medicine ward was taking on more and more patients with malignant tumors and cancer.



4/16/2021

An American soldier pulled out an NLF soldier who was seriously wounded to be dead in the head during Vietnam War.

 On the battlefield of the Vietnam War, the head and face of a Vietcong soldier who was shot and killed by American troops around October 1966 were covered with bright vermilion splashes of blood. American soldiers immediately immobilized his arms and took away his Chinese-made light automatic rifle. The American soldiers grabbed the fiercely fighting Vietcong soldier by the neck and pulled him up. The Vietcong soldier was oozing blood from his head. He was gasping for breath and soon fainted, and shortly thereafter he died. The American soldiers kicked him out into the ditch.

 Crossing the rice paddy area, the American tank troops entered the thin forest that stretched across the dunes and communicated with the troops and helicopters by radio. Reconnaissance from bombers firing from the air showed the area where the National Liberation Front (NLF) was hiding to be quite nearby. The thin Vietnamese forest consisted of cedar and hardwood camellias. The American soldiers were already quite deep into the central area of the battle. The sound of gunfire was faint and overpowered by the roar of tanks.

 Almost simultaneously, the ricochets of automatic weapons bullets could be heard coming from the tanks. They bounced off the tanks like rubber balls. An American soldier fell out of the tank as the Vietcong attacked. The Vietcong opened fire on the trees. The American soldiers fired frantically with their machine guns, and the heated shell casings scattered around the area. Immediately after being sniped from the trees, they could not carelessly look out. The day before, a tank had been hit by a rocket-propelled grenade, killing an American soldier who had stayed inside the tank. From time to time, I stood up and peered at the Vietcong. Continuously firing their machine guns, the tank troops reached the farmland spread out in the thin forest. There were three isolated farmhouses there. A housewife, a Vietnamese woman, passed by and stared ruthlessly at the tanks. There was a miserable single-family shack. Amidst the chaos of American and Viet Cong soldiers, the battlefield was a scene of extraordinary misery: five tanks dispersing, numerous colored smoke shells falling on the area where they had shelled the Viet Cong. The tanks opened machine gun fire on their targets. The gunner's seat was on the outside of the tank, protected by thick steel plates. Inside the tank was the scorching heat of sun-baked irons, and we sweated profusely in the steam bath. The tank stopped on the ground to fire at the armed Vietcong. The American soldiers jumped off the tank. Two Vietcong were tumbled up and down in the ditch between the farm and the sidewalk about five meters in front of us. They were still alive and tumbled over on their stomachs. One Vietcong wobbled and stood up unsteadily as an American soldier approached and pointed an automatic weapon at them.

 The black American soldier helped the other badly wounded Vietcong soldier and gave him medical attention. He was the only black man in the tank. He cradled the wounded Vietcong survivor in his arms and returned him to the tank. After roughly wiping off the blood, I tried to help him into the tank. But the PIO, a policeman, refused and ordered him to place the wounded body on the edge of the tank. The black soldier did as he was ordered. The edge was only about 60 centimeters wide and was covered with sandbags. The Vietcong soldier lay on his side, blood continuing to flow from his head. His face was pale and his eyes were vacant. He was an innocent boy of 15 or 16 years old. Command reported that a more powerful Vietcong unit had been spotted nearby. The tank unit ran through the sugar cane fields with a badly wounded boy soldier lying on the edge. A black American soldier held the Vietnamese boy's arm, took his pulse, pulled a bandage from a first aid kit, and said, "He's still alive! I said. Bleeding began to drip onto the tank, and as I sat right under the boys, blood immediately splattered on my hat and arms. 



4/15/2021

France Four young French patriots are murdered in Mangy (Seine et Oise) by Nazi German Troops during World War 2nd.

Nazi German troops rounded up and shot resistance leaders in the back of the head in France from November 11, 1942, when they occupied all of France, until the surrender of Nazi Germany in May 1945. Four French youths of the Resistance were executed by the Nazi Germans by firing squad from the back of the head after the French Patriots arrested them in Manny, in the northern basin of the Seine and Oise rivers in central and western France.

 The Free French Movement began at 6:00 p.m. on June 18, 1940, with a six-minute speech by Charles de Gaulle on the BBC in London. He fervently rejected the armistice between the Vichy government of Pétain and Nazi Germany and clamored for a world war. Throughout France, grassroots groups of resistance emerged in late 1940 and 1941, independent of de Gaulle and independent of each other. a private military organization (CMO: Organisation Civile et Militaire) was born in Paris in December 1940, composed of middle class citizens and reservists. On November 11, 1942, Nazi German troops occupied all of France, and in May 1943, the resistance united behind Free France. In May 1943, the Resistance united behind Free France, and Nazi Germany's abuses and massacres of the Resistance intensified. Some 21,600 suspected French citizens were deported to concentration camps. The British interfered with BBC broadcasts and imprisoned the Resistance. during 1942, about 3 million French people sympathized with Free France. The shadowy resistance army always represented a minority, with between 300,000 and 500,000 men and women out of a population of about 39.6 million in 1945 joining the resistance; many of the approximately 120,000 Spaniards who fled Franco's regime in 1939 joined the resistance out of a continuing anti-fascist struggle.

 In northern France, the resistance targeted only Nazi German troops, but in the south, the Vichy regime was targeted as well as the German army. The first resistance movement took place in northern France by the end of 1940, and six underground newspapers were regularly printed in the north. 1941 By June, the resistance movement became more organized. Between January 1943 and September 1943, they committed about 530 acts of sabotage against railroad lines, etc. Between 1943 and 1944, they sabotaged about 150 factories in France. Between 1943 and 1944, they sabotaged about 150 factories in France. The Allied forces landed in Normandy on June 6, 1944, liberated Paris at the end of August 1944, and forced the total unconditional surrender of Nazi Germany on May 8, 1945. 




4/14/2021

A temporary graveyard was set up behind the Korean War front, and only the corpses of South Korean soldiers were buried in the temporary graveyard, and the corpses of US soldiers were repatriated to the United States.

The transportation of corpses to the military cemeteries of American soldiers far from the battlefields of the Korean War was very difficult and dangerous. Bodies that could not be moved due to the urgency of the battle were hastily buried in any soft ground that would allow for a quick burial. Behind the battle lines, temporary cemeteries were set up. Only the bodies of Korean soldiers were buried in the temporary cemeteries. The bodies of American soldiers who died in the war were placed in coffins and repatriated to the United States. Isolated cemeteries could not always be maintained, and many of the rough indicators were lost, removed by residents or North Korean troops, or destroyed in the fighting.

 As the Korean War, which broke out on June 25, 1950, intensified and the death toll of American soldiers increased, it became necessary for each combat unit to establish and operate its own cemetery. The first temporary UN memorial cemetery in Korea was established by the US military in Daejeon on July 9, 1950. However, Daejeon was occupied by North Korean forces shortly thereafter. The cemetery, which contains about 46 burial sites, was abandoned. Other temporary cemeteries were established in Kwanui, Geumcheon, and Sindong, but they were occupied under the control of the North Korean army after the UN forces withdrew to the Busan border.

 Faced with difficult war conditions at a time when it was time to set up its own cemetery, the combat troops could not avoid digging graves. As the Koreans fleeing from the combat zone became refugees and abandoned their towns and villages, it became impossible to use civilian labor for the construction of the cemetery. A morgue was set up to hold the bodies until the cemetery could be dug and recorded. Due to the unfavorable war situation, a temporary UN cemetery was set up elsewhere as the UN forces withdrew to the Pusan area. American troops landed in Incheon and struck back, establishing a temporary UN military cemetery in Incheon on September 8, 1950. The search and recovery operations of differentiated or deteriorating corpses in the areas recaptured from the North Korean troops were immediately started and the corpses were accumulated in the cemetery.

 The entry into North Korea of vast Chinese armies from October 25, 1950, to reinforce the collapsing North Korean army, forced the UN forces into an emergency withdrawal. All temporary cemeteries in the retreat area, including those on the outskirts from Hungnam, and even Pyongyang were placed under communist control. The Commander-in-Chief of the U.N. forces said that the bodies of all U.S. dead troops were accumulated in the U.N. military cemetery, ready for transport to Japan. The bodies of the U.N. troops deposited in Incheon left the port of Incheon by loaded ships on December 28, 1950. U.S. military corpses were evacuated to the U.S. grave registration facility established in Kokura, Japan, starting January 3, 1951. The decision was made to return to the U.S. home country the bodies of about 16,000 American soldiers who died during the hostilities of the Challenge War.



4/13/2021

38-year-old Ryotoku Higa, a farmer on Ie Island around Okinawa, was robbed and killed by a bomb from the US military.

On September 6, 1959, 38-year-old Ryotoku Higa, a farmer from Ie Island in the vicinity of Okinawa, lost his land to the U.S. military and was killed in a bombing (Okinawa Without a Homeland, edited by the Okinawa Prefectural Students Association, 1970). Mr. Yoshitoku Higa was deprived of his land by the U.S. military and had no choice but to live by picking up bombs that had fallen in his fields and scrapping them. He was killed in the explosion while dismantling the bomb. In April 1953, the U.S. military began forcibly seizing land on Iejima. In 1954, the U.S. military gave eviction notices to the residents of Iejima. In March 1955, about 300 armed U.S. soldiers forcibly took land from the Mahe area of Ie Island.

 Ie Island, Okinawa Prefecture, was once a fierce battleground in the Battle of Okinawa. After the U.S. occupation, about 60% of Ie Island was used as a training ground for dropping bombs and paratroopers. The farmers of Iejima were supposed to live on the fertile land and farm. The U.S. military took away the farmland and demolished the houses of the farmers of Iejima. The farmers of Iejima had no choice but to stand up in desperate struggle against the American forces. Even after the Battle of Okinawa, the farmers of Iejima, who were forced to live a life of hardship, struggled long and tenaciously against the American forces. However, even though Ie Island is located only 9km northwest of the main island of Okinawa, it is still a remote island and the struggle against the US military was disposed of in secret. 

 Under the U.S. military's administration after the Pacific War, bases and facilities were built halfway across the country. Incidents involving vicious accidents and murders by U.S. soldiers were frequent, resulting in a series of casualties among the Okinawans. Disillusioned with the U.S. military administration, Okinawans called for the return to mainland Japan. Okinawan volunteers launched resistance movements such as the Shimagurumi Struggle. As the U.S. military was about to withdraw completely from the Vietnam War on March 31, 1973, Okinawa was reverted to the mainland on May 15, 1972, when the administration of Okinawa was returned from the United States to Japan.



4/12/2021

Miss Michiko Kanba, who was in critical condition in the US-Japan security struggle, was taken out of the Diet premises in the rain and escorted, and was diagnosed dead at the police hospital.

Michiko Kaba (born November 8, 1937, died June 15, 1960) was a student activist, a third-year female student at the University of Tokyo who died in the Japan-U.S. Security (Anpo) Struggle. Michiko Kaba, who became seriously ill on June 15, 1960 during the Security Treaty Struggle, was carried out of the Diet premises in the rain and escorted away. On the day of her death, she was wearing a pale cream cardigan, white blouse, and dark blue slacks. After she was pronounced dead at the police hospital where she was taken, the students held a silent vigil for Michiko Kaba's death inside the Diet building.

 Students, workers, and citizens surrounded the Diet building in ten or twenty layers, demanding opposition to the Security Treaty and the resignation of the Kishi Cabinet, and in a demonstration on June 15, 1960, the mainstream faction of the All-Japan Federation of Student Self-Defense Associations rushed into the Diet from the south gate of the House of Representatives. He died at the age of 22 when he clashed with police forces in the process. An autopsy at the police hospital indicated that the cause of death was chest compression and internal bleeding of the head. The police claimed that the crushing death was caused by Michiko Kaba's fall. They concluded that she died of respiratory distress due to compression of the chest and abdomen caused by being trapped under the collapsed people after the protesters rushed into the parliament premises. The results of the examination were not disclosed to the family of the deceased, and the students claimed that the death was caused by an assault by riot police.

 In 1957, he entered the Department of Japanese History in the Faculty of Letters at the University of Tokyo's second (now third) class. He participated in the Sunagawa Struggle against the expansion of the U.S. military base at Tachikawa in a demonstration against British hydrogen bomb tests. He belonged to the History Study Group and aimed to explore the principles that drive history. He became the vice chairman of the autonomy committee of the Faculty of Letters, University of Tokyo. He joined the Japan Communist Party in preparation for the looming security struggle. In December 1958, he joined the Vanguard Party and the Communist League, which was formed by student members of the Communist Party who broke away from the party to pursue a more radical ideology and policy. As a mainstream member of the All-Japan Federation of Student's Associations, he fought a militant struggle, including being arrested in the Haneda Incident. He was arrested in the Haneda Incident.

 In the early hours of May 20, 1960, the House of Representatives forcibly adopted the draft of the new Security Treaty in a plenary session. It continued to allow the stationing of U.S. troops in Japan as the U.S. Forces in Japan and recognized the right of collective self-defense, which was in conflict with the Constitution. On June 16, 1960, President Eisenhower's scheduled visit to Japan was cancelled. A month later, on July 15, the Kishi Cabinet, which had forcefully adopted the new Security Treaty, resigned. The death of Michiko Kaba became an incident that had a profound impact on Japanese society.

 The death of Michiko Kaba had a profound impact on Japanese society. But I won't laugh forever, I won't be able to laugh forever, and that's all right, I just want to smile at the end, if I'm allowed.



4/11/2021

Japanese tanks were light and poorly armored, offering little protection for its crew. Enemy lost 8,122 before atoll fell to Marines. Kwajalein and Roi, which had an air-strip, were the first isles in the Marshalls to be recaptured.

During the Battle of Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands in the Pacific War, the Japanese soldiers were annihilated by the overwhelming military might of the U.S. Army and their bodies were scattered on the beaches of Kwajalein Island. The American soldiers smiled in relief as they looked around at the dead bodies of the Japanese soldiers. The number of Japanese troops was only about 8,000, while the number of American troops reached about 41,000.

 In order to occupy Kwajalein Atoll, the American forces put time on the target and public opinion. The Japanese tanks were light and poorly armored, with no protection for their crews. By the time the Kwajalein Atoll fell to the Americans, the Japanese had lost about 8,122 men. The southern island of Kwajalein, which had an airfield airstrip, and the northern islands of Loy and Namur were the first islands in the Marshall Islands to be recaptured. The main objective of the battle was to take over the airstrips on most of the islands. The airstrips were modified for bombers and used as a springboard for the Tokyo Air Raids.

 In the Pacific War, on January 31, 1944, American forces conducted an amphibious assault on Kwajalein Atoll in the heart of the Marshall Islands, which on February 1, 1944, became the target of the most intensive bombardment of Japanese forces in nearly two months prior to the Battle of Kwajalein Atoll. Some 36,000 shells struck Kwajalein Atoll from naval vessels and ground guns from nearby islets. American B-24 bombers bombed the island from the air and it collapsed. Of the approximately 8,782 Japanese soldiers deployed on Kwajalein Atoll (including forced conscripts from Korea), approximately 7,870 Japanese soldiers were killed. With a mortality rate of about 90%, only 917 survived the bloody annihilation of the Japanese forces at the tiny Tarawa Atoll in the Gilbert Islands of the Central Pacific Ocean between November 21 and November 23, 1943, with spectacular casualties. The ensuing Pacific war was a harbinger of the final annihilation of Japanese soldiers.

 Many Marshallese fled the island in canoes just before the battle, but about 200 were killed during the fighting. Marshallese who took refuge in the trenches were killed when a grenade destroyed their shelter.On February 6, 1944, Kwajalein Atoll, along with the rest of the Marshall Islands, was designated a United Nations Trust Territory under the United States military.



4/10/2021

Reunion of atomic scientists on the 4th Anniversary (1946) of the first controlled nuclear fission chain reaction, December 2, 1942, pictured in front of Bernard A. Eckhart Hall at the University of Chicago.

The CP-1 (Chicago Pile 1) reactor became the first reactor in human history to reach criticality and trigger a fission chain reaction on December 2, 1942, at the University of Chicago's experimental reactor, producing plutonium-239, the material used in the atomic bomb. On its fourth anniversary, December 12, 1946, CP-1 atomic scientists pose for a group photo in front of Bernard A. Eckhart Hall at the University of Chicago, where they won a glorious victory for their contribution to the atomic bomb. The U.S. had been based in Manhattan, New York since August 3, 1942, when a group of scientists and the military began secretly working together to test the atomic bomb. Shortly thereafter, CP-1 was incorporated into the Manhattan Project's development of the atomic bomb.

  The nuclear age began at 5:30 a.m. on July 16, 1945. A nuclear weapon exploded at Trinity, near Alamogordo, New Mexico. A prelude to the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, which forced the surrender of Japan and ended World War II, the Trinity test was the culmination of a menacing devil's work by scientists, private industry, and the U.S. military to elicit atomic fission. During World War II, if Nazi Germany could have designed the first atomic bomb, Allied victory would have been almost lost. The U.S. Manhattan Project involved everything from a world war to a global war in order to design the world's first atomic bomb. From the clandestine origins of nuclear weapons at Oak Ridge, Hanford, and Los Alamos, the Manhattan Project unfolded until the day the U.S. military snatched victory from the Axis powers and won the war against Japan.

 At the pinnacle of nuclear weapons history, the Manhattan Project exploded Albert Einstein's famous equation E = MC2 against a staggering tyranny. In 1907, Einstein hypothesized an equation for the equivalence of mass and energy: energy (E) = mass (m) x speed of light (c) squared. In other words, he proved that any matter can produce an infinite and enormous amount of energy as the square of the speed of light. He suggested the birth of matter from the infinite and enormous energy of outer space. The Manhattan Project, which produced the atomic bomb, was led by scientist Robert Oppenheimer, who realized a working nuclear weapon on July 16, 1945. The project was actually manifested by President Roosevelt from a letter from Einstein and Leo Szilard. The Manhattan Project was the first project to set off a nuclear chain reaction, threatening the existence of the earth where atomic nuclei continue to split and explode.

  Pioneers of the CP-1 (Chicago Pile 1) reactor reunited for their fourth anniversary in front of Bernard A. Eckhart Hall at the University of Chicago. Back row, left to right: Norman Hilberry, Samuel Allison, Thomas Brill, Robert G. Nobles, Warren Nyer Nyer, and Marvin Wilkening. Middle row: Harold Agnew, William Sturm, Harold Lichtenberger, Leona W. Marshall, Leo Szilard.) Front row: Enrico Fermi, Walter H. Zinn, Albert Wattenberg, and Herbert L. Anderson.



4/09/2021

During the Korean War, a riot by POWs of North Korean soldiers broke out at Geoje-POW Camp on the South Korean side, and the Allied Forces shot and killed the POWs of the North Korean army to suppress the riot.

In June 1953, a riot by North Korean POWs broke out in a prisoner-of-war camp on Geoje Island in South Korea. Allied forces shot and killed the North Korean POWs to quell the riot. The bodies of many of the shot dead North Korean soldiers were laid to rest in parallel in the camp. The magazine LIFE had an internal rule not to photograph the faces of the dead, but in the photographs, many of the corpses were bleeding profusely and were stripped naked, with only the lower half of their bodies covered with blankets. In another month, the POW camp was to be liberated under an armistice agreement between the South Korean and US armies and North Korea.

  Geoje-POW Camp was established in February 1951 in Geoje City and other parts of Geoje Island to hold captured Korean People's Army and Chinese Communist Army POWs during the Korean War, and operated until July 1953. Located on Geoje Island at the southern tip of Korea, the POW camp at the time of the Korean War held up to about 170,000 POWs, including about 150,000 Korean People's Army POWs and 20,000 Chinese Army POWs by the end of February 1951.On June 18, 1953, an anti-communist group refused to deport the Geoje POW camp, which was under the control of the Allied Forces, to North Korea. On June 18, 1953, President Syngman Rhee had about 27,389 POWs released, and the camp was closed after the signing of a ceasefire agreement on July 27.

 The biggest obstacle to the armistice talks was the POW issue. The prisoners of war held by the UN forces are properly managed, but the number of prisoners of war held by the North Korean communist forces is less than half. China and North Korea demanded a full exchange of POWs. The communist forces massacred the POWs and even incorporated them into their own forces and forced them into combat. When the communists occupied Seoul and other cities, they forcibly recruited many young people in the occupied areas and incorporated them into the North Korean army. Therefore, the captured Koreans refused to be repatriated to North Korea in a prisoner exchange. The problem was complicated by the fact that the majority of them, including Chinese soldiers, refused to return to North Korea. Due to the lax controls in the Geoje POW camp, numerous violent incidents occurred among the groups of communist and anti-communist POWs that were not separated.

 On May 7, 1952, Communist POWs abducted Brigadier General FT Dodd of the US Army, the director of the Geoje POW camp. As a condition for his release, they offered to improve the treatment of POWs, revoke the policy of repatriating POWs of their own free will, suspend the examination of POWs, and recognize the delegation of POWs. This riot was led by Ihakgu and others who surrendered to the US Army's 1st Cavalry Division at the Nakdong River front. The American troops refused to negotiate and confronted them, and the Americans opened fire, killing about 70 POWs and wounding about 140 others.

 The Communist POWs refused to be tortured, assaulted, and abused, and based on instructions from Pyongyang, they planned an uprising in all the POW camps to be held on June 20, 1952. The newly appointed UN commander, Mark Clark, decided to disperse the POWs to prevent riot incidents and appointed Brigadier General H.L. Boatner as the POW camp commander, and from June 7 to 10, an incident at the Pusan POW camp where one Communist POW was killed while defying the guard triggered another riot. Brigadier General Boatner began to disperse the POWs while rescuing Brigadier General Dodd on June 10, but in the process 105 anti-communist POWs were killed by communist POWs. 



4/08/2021

At the end of the Pacific War, the city of Yokohama was destroyed by indiscriminate carpet bombing by incendiary bombs by the US military on May 29, 1945 in the daytime.

At the end of the Pacific War, the city of Yokohama was destroyed by indiscriminate carpet bombing with incendiary bombs by the U.S. Army in the daytime of May 29, 1945. Burned corpses charred by the incendiary bombs were strewn about. The burnt corpses were raked up and covered with tin sheets to house them. A large number of Yokohama citizens stood around and searched for their relatives.

 The bombing of Yokohama was an indiscriminate bombing of central Yokohama by the U.S. military during the daytime hours of May 29, 1945, at the end of World War II. approximately 517 B-29 bombers and 101 P-51 fighters attacked the city with incendiary bombs, killing approximately 14,157 Yokohama residents. About 14,157 Yokohama citizens were killed. Approximately 2,570 tons of incendiary bombs indiscriminately bombed and P-51s gunned down the old city of Yokohama, destroying it. About 79,017 houses were destroyed, and about 42% of the city was burned down.

 Allied forces carried out many air raids on Japan during World War II, destroying urban areas on a massive and indiscriminate scale, killing about 333,000 people and leaving about 473,000 Japanese civilians injured or missing. The strategic bombing of the Pacific began in June 1944 and continued until the end of the war on August 15, 1945. It was greatly expanded around November 1944 when air bases in the Marianas became available. Curtis E. LeMay of the U.S. Army Air Forces decided in early March 1945 to switch from daytime precision bombing of selected targets to nighttime incendiary attacks on Japanese cities. Bombers switched to dropping low-altitude nighttime incendiary bombs on urban areas, many of which were small workshops and homes where Japanese weapons were manufactured. Japan's military defenses were unable to stop Allied air raids, and its fighter planes and anti-aircraft guns were inadequate and had difficulty reaching the altitudes of the frequently operated B-29 bombers.

 Japan's urban areas, with their many wooden buildings, were vulnerable to incendiary attacks, and lacked firefighting training and equipment, and air-raid shelters for civilians were scarce, resulting in serious casualties. Urban areas were densely populated and most buildings were constructed of highly combustible materials such as paper and wood. Industrial and military facilities in urban areas were surrounded by densely populated residential areas. The production of napalm bombs used by the U.S. military for flamethrowers and incendiaries increased from about 0.23 kt in 1943 to about 3.6 kt in 1944. Most of the napalm bombs were transferred from nine factories in the US to bomb assembly plants. Indiscriminate bombing with incendiary bombs was a war crime of deviation from precision bombing of targets, and the U.S. military justified the war by propagating the need and sacrifice for a quick end to the war.



 

4/07/2021

As Allied troops moved from Beijing into the North China countryside, they killed or beheaded unknown numbers of people accused or suspected of being or resembling Boxers, which became the subject of an early short film.

Countless Chinese civilians suspected of being members of Yihe Dan were publicly executed during and after the rebellion. A large number of Chinese civilians, mixed with British soldiers, watched with great interest as Qing officials seized and beheaded suspected members of Yihe Dan. In descending order of number of soldiers, the Octagon Allied Forces consisted of about 45,000 soldiers from eight countries: Japan (about 20,840), Russia (about 13,150), Britain (about 12,020), France (about 3,520), the United States (about 3,420), Germany (about 900), the Austro-Hungarian Empire (about 296), and Italy (about 80). It consisted of about 45,000 troops from eight countries.

 The Yihe Dan and some Qing imperial troops besieged about 900 diplomats and foreign citizens of the Beijing legation in Dongguangmin Alley for about 55 days from June 20 to August 14, 1900. The Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing on August 14, 1900, and occupied it on September 15. In several battles, they defeated the Wuwei Legion of the Qing Imperial Army and surrounded Yihe Dan, quickly ending the Yihe Dan Rebellion. Empress Dowager Xi, the emperor and government officials of the Qing Empire fled from the Forbidden City in Beijing to Xian. As they swept from Beijing into the countryside of northern China, the Eight-Nation Alliance killed or beheaded an unknown number of Chinese suspected of being members of the Yihe Army. During the punitive expedition, indiscriminate killings were frequently carried out by soldiers of the Eight-Nation Alliance. The Eight-Nation Alliance raped and massacred Chinese women suspected of being members of Yihe Dan. The Eight-Nation Alliance became barbaric and brutal, often targeting hapless and innocent Chinese citizens as subhuman.

 While stationed in Beijing, the Eight-Nation Alliance looted Beijing's cultural heritage, antiquities, and art. They stripped the cultural relics and other sites of their gold and bronze artifacts. The looted artifacts were auctioned off in their home countries. Some of the looted artifacts are in the custody of museums in London and Paris.On September 7, 1901, the Eight-Nation Alliance and the Qing Empire signed the Peking Protocol peace agreement.On January 7, 1902, Empress Dowager Xi and others returned from Xi'an to the Forbidden City in Beijing, and Qing imperial rule was restored.




4/06/2021

Former Hungarian Prime Minister LászlóBárdossy during World War II was shot dead in a prison courtyard against a brick wall loaded with sandbags.

Bárdossy LászlóBárdossy, former Hungarian prime minister during World War II, was in the prison courtyard facing a brick wall with sandbags to prevent ricochets. Slenderly built and upright, he faced the firing squad with restraint. God protect Hungary from these outlaws," he said as the bodies of the gunmen burst from the sandbags. After he was shot, a priest ran up to him and blessed his soul.

On November 20, 1940, the Kingdom of Hungary joined the Axis powers; the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, which had joined the Axis powers on March 25, became an anti-German kingdom in a coup d'etat on March 27. Prime Minister Teleki Paar, who was asked by Nazi Germany for the right of passage of the Kingdom of Bungary, committed suicide on April 3. In his suicide note, Teleki stated that Hungary would be the most abominable kingdom to become a robbery of corpses. Immediately afterwards, the right-wing Baldossi László converted to a pro-German government when he was appointed prime minister by the regent, Admiral Nicholas Holty, from April 1941 to March 7, 1942. The Axis powers invaded the Kingdom of Yugoslavia with the Nazi German invasion from April 6 to April 17, 1941. On December 15, Prime Minister Bar-Dossi László declared war on the United States as well.

 On December 15, Prime Minister Bar-Dossi László declared war on the U.S. as well. Bar-Dossi László pursued a pro-German policy in order to regain and expand the territory lost under the Treaty of Trianon, and supported the Axis invasion of Yugoslavia, bringing Hungary into the war. In August 1941, the Third Jewish Law deprived Hungarian Jews of their economic, social, and other fundamental rights. It led to the enactment of anti-Communist and anti-Semitic laws. It deported non-Hungarians from the territories it occupied in Yugoslavia and massacred thousands of Jews. After the end of World War II, he was found guilty of war crimes and nationalism by the People's Court in Budapest and sentenced to death; he was executed by firing squad on January 10, 1946.



Fifteen Vietnamese civilians were killed and four injured by the explosion of a mine on a country road 8 km west of Tuy Hòa, March 18, 1966.A mother became a victim of a landmine explosion and her daughter cried out beside the corpse.

About 15 Vietnamese civilians were killed and four others wounded in a landmine explosion on a rural road about 8 km west of Tuy Hoa in Sout...