12/31/2020

During Invasion of Normandy, the corpses of US soldiers landing on the Omaha beach were killed and scattered.

During the Normandy campaign, American soldiers landed on the Omaha coast from June 6 to 10, 1944, resulting in the heaviest casualties. The bodies of fallen American soldiers littered the beaches of Omaha. American troops were assigned to the Omaha beach, which was the most heavily defended by German forces in the Normandy region of France. Instead of the expected single unit, they were faced with a German division. By the time they landed on the Omaha beach, there was little damage to the German defensive network. About 2,000 American soldiers were killed or wounded when the Germans attacked from the cliffs where they landed.

 Strong currents drove many landing craft east of their intended points, delaying their landings. Fighter planes delayed their bombing runs for fear of hitting the landing craft. The sea became rough, and tanks dropped about 4,600 meters from the shore, flooding the area and drowning about 33 people. The landing craft drifted onto the beach and walked about 50 to 100 meters in the water while the Germans attacked. The casualty toll was enormous, more than all other landings combined.

 There were problems clearing obstacles from the Omaha beach, which halted further landings of vehicles. Later, destroyers arrived and supported them with gunfire. The invasion from the Omaha coast was only possible via five heavily defended canyons. About 600 men were killed by German artillery fire without reaching the high ground by noon. When the Germans began to run out of ammunition, the Americans opened a lane on the beach at Omaha Beach for vehicles to pass. As the vehicles moved off the Omaha beachhead, they began to sweep through the German defenses. On the Omaha beach alone, from June 6 to 10, 1944, some 80,000 American troops and 10,000 vehicles landed. The Germans expanded the scarce coastal barrier. The landings were completed about three days after D-Day, June 6, 1944, the day of the Normandy landings. The casualties on the Omaha beaches were called Bloody Omaha, with about 3,000 American troops and 1,200 German troops killed or wounded in action.




12/30/2020

During the Cambodian Civil War, Phnom Penh citizens were indiscriminately killed every day by a rocket attack of the Khmer Rouge.

In February 1973, during the Cambodian Civil War, Phnom Penh citizens were indiscriminately killed day after day in rocket attacks on the capital Phnom Penh by the Khmer Rouge. During the Cambodian Civil War, the U.S. military bombing of rural areas caused the rural population to flow into the cities as refugees, increasing the population of the capital Phnom Penh to more than about 2 million people. The aerial bombardment by the U.S. military reached three times the total amount dropped on Japan in the Pacific War. Hundreds of thousands of farmers and agricultural infrastructure were killed, and the entire Cambodian land was turned into scorched earth. In 1973, Phnom Penh was besieged by the Khmer Rouge and the U.S. Air Force was launched, and from 1972 to 1975, the civil war raged mainly along the Khmer National Front line of communication, north and south of the capital city of Phnom Penh.

 In the Cambodian Civil War, the Kingdom of Cambodia was overthrown in a coup d'état in March 1970 and a military junta established the Khmer Republic, which continued until 1993 when elections to the Cambodian National Assembly brought a democratic government to power. In January 1972, the U.S. military sent part of its South Vietnamese contingent to invade Cambodia on behalf of the Lon Nol military regime. In January 1972, the U.S. invaded Cambodia with part of its South Vietnamese contingent on behalf of the Lon Nol military regime, directly intervening in the Cambodian civil war. The Vietnam War expanded into the Indochina War. In October 1972, Lon Nol declared a military dictatorship, and in March 1973, he promulgated a new constitution that gave the president dictatorial powers.

 The Khmer Rouge, supported by the Chinese state, continued to fight. In April 1975, Lon Nol went into exile. In the neighboring country of Vietnam, the Vietnam War ended with the fall of Saigon in South Vietnam. In January 1976, the Khmer Rouge fell from Phnom Penh, the capital, and promulgated the Constitution of the Democratic State of Cambodia, renaming the country Democratic Kampuchea.




12/29/2020

In the wake of the Great Kanto Earthquake, naked corpses presumed to be socialists who were decapitated and massacred by Japanese soldiers were scattered.

The Great Kanto Earthquake struck at about 11:58:32 on September 1, 1923, causing tremendous damage and loss of life. At around 3:00 p.m., there was a lot of arson by socialists and Koreans, and there was a lot of gossip. On September 5, under the cover of the Great Kanto Earthquake, the naked bodies of presumed socialists such as Kitajima Kichizou, who had been decapitated and massacred by Japanese troops, were scattered about. The Kameido Incident and Amakasu Incident, murders of labor and socialist movement leaders, also occurred amidst the chaos.

 On September 3, the Kanto Martial Law Command was specially established. About 35,000 Japanese troops from all over the country had been called to the Great Kanto Earthquake. Japanese troops massacred about 10 socialists in the early hours of September 5. The Tokyo Asahi Shimbun published an article on October 11 with the headline, "Nine Socialists Stabbed to Death by Military Forces, Suspicious Incident at Kameido Station, Bodies Poured with Oil and Immediately Incinerated. On September 2, at 3:00 p.m., the government declared martial law in the city of Tokyo, and on September 5, the Security Department of the Temporary Review and Relief Bureau announced that it would do its utmost to prevent propaganda and rumors detrimental to the Japanese Empire, and that it would never use the name of the government agency in announcing the massacre. Martial law was lifted on September 15.

 On September 16, Masahiko Amakasu, a captain in the Kempeitai (military police), had Osugi Sakae, his wife Noe Ito, and his six-year-old nephew Soichi Tachibana secretly strangled to death by hand. After serving a short time in prison, Masahiko Amakasu left Japan and went to Manchuria, where he worked as a special agent for the Kwantung Army and played a role in the construction of Manchukuo. He served as the president of the Manchurian Film Society and committed suicide by poisoning immediately after the war.

 At noon on September 1, a violent earthquake centered on the Fuji Volcanic Zone caused unimaginable devastation in the areas east of Numazu, Gotemba, Hakone, Atami, Yokosuka, Yokohama, and Tokyo. On September 1, there were more than 114 aftershocks felt by the human body. The Kanto earthquake was estimated to be 7.9 on the Richter scale. It was the only major earthquake to hit the modernized Tokyo metropolitan area, causing widespread damage in areas ranging from southern Kanto to the Tokai region. The death toll was approximately 105,385, and the number of houses completely destroyed or burned down reached 293,387. Lifelines such as electricity, water, roads, and railroads were also severely damaged. 




12/28/2020

Villagers began to arrive from work to their homes in Kfar Kassem and Israeli troops opened fire on them.

Israeli soldiers massacred about 47 Palestinian villagers in the village of Kafr Qassem near the Jordanian border on October 29, 1956 (the only photographic evidence). The massacre was a deliberate policy of ethnic cleansing leading to the exile of about 800,000 Palestinians. It has been analyzed that this massacre was the political result of the nationalization of the Suez Canal by Egyptian President Nasser and the mobilization of armed forces.

 On October 29, 1956, the eve of the Sinai campaign to invade Egypt, the Israeli army declared martial law without warning. It ordered a wartime curfew in all Palestinian villages near the Jordanian border, which applied from 5 p.m. to 6 a.m. the next day. Israeli border guards were informed that they would shoot anyone found outside their homes after 5:00 p.m., making no distinction between men, women, children, or anyone returning from outside the village. If they went out at night, Palestinians were to be shot in the street. Israeli military orders were notified to the Israeli border guards at 3:30 pm, before most Palestinians from the village were notified. Many Palestinian residents were working at the time. Villagers were beginning to arrive at their homes in Kafr Qassem from work and the fields. Israeli forces opened fire on the villagers of Kfar Qassem. About 47 Palestinians were massacred in about an hour after 5 p.m., including six women, 23 children and a boy between the ages of 3 and 17.

 News of the massacre of the Kafr or Shem villagers was censored and the Israeli public was not informed until weeks later. Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion announced the results of a secret investigation: eleven border guards were eventually charged with crimes, and eight were convicted. The sentences of the imprisoned border guards have been reduced. None of the prisoners served more than three and a half years in prison. The commander of the Israeli army was symbolically fined only 10 plutos.




12/27/2020

At the Battle of Yongyu during the Korean War, the corpses of local residents that were massacred and scattered on the roadside, while the UN troops passed with looking at them.

Due to the Korean War, the United Nations forces, led by the U.S. Army, the Battle of Sukcheon and Suncheon broke out when paratroopers descended on the area on October 20, 1950. The roadsides of Sukcheon afterwards were littered with corpses of local residents who had been involved and massacred. The U.N. troops passed by without taking any action while looking at the dead bodies.

 When the UN forces retook Pyongyang in the Korean War on January 20, 1950, the US paratroopers suddenly dropped into Sukcheon, about 40 kilometers north of Pyongyang. The main force dropped into Sukcheon, and some dropped into Suncheon, each acting independently, in an operation to block the retreat of the North Korean forces. The first descent team sortied from Gimpo Airfield around noon on October 20. About 2,800 men of the first drop party jumped down to the hills in and around the Sukcheon Basin after bombing by bombers. The 1st Battalion occupied the 97th Highland east of Sukcheon and the 105th Highland to the north, eliminating what little North Korean resistance there was. At around 2:20 p.m., the second descent force dropped to a point about three kilometers southwest of Suncheon. The North Korean army, with its path of retreat completely cut off, was as good as a mouse in a bag, doomed to extermination and mistakenly believed that the Korean War was in its final stages. However, the main force of the North Korean army and the leaders of the regime were quick to cross the Cheongcheon River and evacuate to the north bank. Some of them took cover from the retreat of the main force at Yeongsan, about 10 kilometers south of Sukcheon. American and Korean POWs had already been transferred to the north. By 11:00 a.m. on October 22, they had overthrown about 1,070 remaining North Korean troops and taken about 880 prisoners. They were unable to round up the North Korean government leaders.

 Arriving in Suncheon at around noon on October 20, the 1st Cavalry Division commander found about 66 gunned-down corpses strewn about in the Myeonggi Tunnel, about 8 km west of the city, among about 300 American POWs taken by the North Korean troops. In the afternoon of October 20, the North Korean train was evacuated into this tunnel from the start of the American airborne operation. In the evening, when about 100 POWs got off the train for lunch, the North Korean guards suddenly opened fire on them, massacring half of them. As for the casualties of the Battle of Sukcheon, about 49 American troops were killed and about 136 wounded. More than about 1,075 North Korean troops were killed in action and about 1,200 were taken prisoner. During the Battle of Changjin Lake from about November 27 to December 13, a huge Chinese People's Volunteer Army entered the war, which reversed the tide of the Korean War and the UN forces withdrew. 




12/26/2020

The Shiroyama National School was destroyed by the Nagasaki atomic bomb, and many people were killed in the bombing, and the skeletons of the bodies of the survivors were scattered in the schoolyard.

The Shiroyama National School near the hypocenter, the point where the Nagasaki atomic bomb was dropped and exploded, was hit directly and collapsed, killing many of those exposed. Its schoolyard was littered with white bones from the bodies of indistinguishable Hibakusha.

 Shiroyama National School was the closest national school, only about 500 meters west of the hypocenter of the Nagasaki atomic bomb. The rate of damage to the buildings and personnel reached an extreme level. The school consisted of two three-story reinforced concrete buildings, the main building and the old building. The main building sloped westward from the foundation, and the interior of each floor collapsed, with some of the exterior walls of the third floor also destroyed. A fire broke out immediately afterwards, destroying the second and third floors, but the first floor escaped total destruction. The staff room on the first floor of the connecting building between the old and new buildings was the first to catch fire. All the documents and equipment were destroyed, but the fire was confined to the staff room. The damage to the old school building was that the first floor was destroyed inside and part of the second floor and most of the third floor collapsed, but no fire broke out there.

 At the time of the explosion of the Nagasaki atomic bomb, there were 33 people in the school: 29 teachers and staff, one of their children, and three office workers on the first floor of the main building. Of these, only three faculty members and one child survived. A total of 29 people died in the bombing: four in the principal's office, one in the staff room, four in the shifts room, two in the janitor's office, 17 in the schoolyard, and one office worker who died while traveling. There were only four survivors: one in the principal's office, two in the doctor's office, and one in the stairwell. Among the 17 who weeded and cleaned sweet potato fields in the schoolyard, there were white bones that could not be identified because they were killed in the bombing.

 In addition, the payroll section of the Mitsubishi Weapons Works was evacuated and occupied the second and third floors. About 120 people were at work, including 44 mobilized students from the Nagasaki Economic College, Nagasaki Prefectural Girls' High School, City Commercial School, Girls' Commercial School, and Niongoura High School for Girls. Some of them took turns reinforcing the air-raid shelter at the edge of the schoolyard. Of the 66 students on the third floor, which occupied six classrooms, all died of the bombing, and of the 36 students on the second floor, which occupied five classrooms, 31 died of the bombing and only five survived. Of the 17 people working in the air-raid shelter, 6 died of the bombing and 11 survived, but 2 developed radiation sickness. At Shiroyama National School, 132 out of a total of 152 students died of the atomic bombing. In terms of percentage, immediate deaths due to the bombing accounted for about 40% of the deaths, and deaths from exposure to the bomb at a later date accounted for about 60%. The total number of children enrolled in Shiroyama National School was estimated to be 1,500 due to the burning of the school register, of which about 1,400 died at home, as in the case of Sanri National School. (Record of the Nagasaki Atomic Bombing




12/25/2020

A U.S. Marine was killed by a Viet Cong in a swamp of rice fields in Vietnam, holding a knife in his right hand.

A U.S. Marine was killed by the Vietcong in a muddy field of rice paddies in Vietnam with a knife clutched in his right hand. The Marine was desperately wielding a marine knife in the muddy rice fields. He was still clutching the knife in his right hand when he pulled the body out of the muddy rice field on August 18, 1965, the day after the battle.

 The U.S. Marines encountered South Vietnamese Liberation Front (Viet Cong) troops on the Van Truong Peninsula on August 16, 1965; during the two-day battle, about 600 Viet Cong were killed and U.S. troops suffered about 50 casualties and more than 200 casualties. The American troops had invaded the Vietcong territory. An American tank was hit by a bullet that penetrated its armor and wounded two American soldiers.

Under the scorching sun, about 30 American Marines were stuck in the mud of the Vietnamese rice fields beside powerfully equipped tanks and armored vehicles. Entering the area on the Viet Cong side, the Viet Cong suddenly and unexpectedly emerged from the bushes and mud. Tanks and armored vehicles were buried in the rice fields. A large number of Marines were killed in the fierce attack from the poorly equipped Vietcong guerrillas. The Vietcong ran up and threw grenades through the hatches of the armored vehicles, killing two Marines. The wounded Marines were shot to death in a rice field where they had slipped through the hatch and jumped down. Even as the Marines swept in with machine guns from armored vehicles, the Vietcong guerrillas disguised themselves around them, making it difficult to tell them apart when they approached. Over and over again, the Vietcong guerrillas attacked the Marines, and the bodies on both sides gradually increased. The development of the Vietnam War turned into a war of attrition.




12/24/2020

Public executions in China, executioner standing with upraised sword by headless bodies of criminals.

An executioner stood by the corpse of a publicly executed headless criminal in China, holding an uplifted sword raised in the air. A Westerner watched the public execution near a scattering of decapitated torso. Tragic street photographs of the bodies of the violently slaughtered members of the Yihe Dan recreated the tragic circumstances of the time. The Yihe Dan were captured and routinely executed with more than the usual cruelty. The vacant eyes of the Yihe Dan prisoners were set against a background of extreme poverty, dirt and dust.

 The Yihe Dan rebellion quickly erupted in Beijing and Tianjin in 1900. The burning hostility of the Yihe Dan was met with the exclusion of missionaries and foreigners. The Eight-Nation Alliance (Russia, the United States, Germany, Britain, France, Japan, Austria-Hungary, and Italy) stationed in Tianjin dispatched the world's first allied force to overthrow the Yihe Tung on September 8, 1900. On June 21, 1906, Empress Dowager Xi, in conjunction with the Yihe Dan, declared war on all Europeans. However, the Qing Empire was already severely weakened by the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. Initially, it attacked the Yihe Dan in reverse, but the Qing government vaguely collaborated with the Yihe Dan. The joint killings by the Octagon and the Qing government took a heavy toll on Yihe Dan. The Eight Allied Forces swept away the Yihegong and occupied Beijing on August 1, 1900, while the Qing government fled to Xi'an. Initially, the Yihe Clan set out to oppose the Manchu Dynasty and drive out Christians and foreigners from China. The troops included poor peasants, Taimu artisans, unemployed laborers, demobilized soldiers, and women known as red lanterns.

 The number of foreigners killed by the Yihe Dan was only a few thousand. On the contrary, more than 500,000 Chinese religious people were massacred. It was only natural that the armed might of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, which was said to be invincible, could not match the armed might of the foreigners. All of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's patriotism became cannon fodder. The Yihe Dan rebellion was crushed and the lives of the Chinese people deteriorated significantly. The Qing government was ordered to pay compensation, execute all traitors, and set military restrictions. Even before a peace treaty was signed, discord broke out in the allied camps, leading to the Russo-Japanese War of 1904.





12/23/2020

Although the French were victorious at Verdun, both armies suffered such staggering losses that it is said neither fully recovered. This pile of dead German soldiers is atop a hill renamed "Le Mort Homme" - The Dead Man.

 The French had won a victory over the Germans at the Battle of Verdun, but both armies had suffered staggering losses from which neither could fully recover. The pile of bodies of German soldiers killed in the trenches was on a hill that was renamed Le Mort Homme.

 A wounded French soldier who fought in the Battle of Douaumont in Verdun and arrived in Paris on February 28, 1916, described the battle of Verdun to the New York Times. The German artillery flattened the parapets and trenches of the battlefield to a new plow. All the guns in the world were concentrated at one point on the battlefield. The noise was much louder than at the Battle of Champagne. Some of the German bastard infantrymen were crawling up the narrow canyons and through the forest just ahead. Suddenly, a gray mass surged forward from both armies. There must have been about 5,000 German soldiers in the canyon. From the forest, about 20,000 reached the plateau. Between them, artillery shells burst, sending shrapnel flying in every direction. They were surrounded by a storm of shells, human debris, and clods of earth.

 Through the smoke, as if to protect themselves from the rain, the German soldiers advanced. I couldn't see with my head down, my body choking in the canyon, unable to pass the barricades from the trenches. The Germans marched on incessantly until the slaughter became even greater. Truly, the German bastards are barbaric. I couldn't believe that a human being could face such a terrible weapon. The Germans knew they were upset. The wounded were suffocating under the mass of bodies. Their bodies were torn apart by fresh bomb fragments.

One by one, the German columns marched forward, reached the hill where the French fortifications stood, and began to pile up the bodies to protect themselves from the weapons. The Germans were unable to consolidate their own victory. Three days of stalemate ensued as both armies bombarded each other. The shells converged, fragmenting the defenses, hearts beating fast and agitated.

 Finally, it was the turn of us French soldiers to join the attack. In spite of the German fire, we were afraid to attack our allies. We dropped our artillery swords on the German soldiers on the battlefield where they had been reduced to bullet holes and nothing. It was a real war. After a while, another procession of Germans and another procession of Germans came. They threw the Germans back up the hillside, captured only the bodies of their allies, and the French took over again. I lay on the battlefield, panting, exhausted, unable to cheer. Suddenly, I was bleeding from a deep puncture wound in my thigh, and my boots were already bloody. (New York Times, February 29, 1919)




12/22/2020

In the middle of the 3-month long Battle of Shanghai, the small town of Luodian on the outskirts of Shanghai saw some of the heaviest fighting.

The Sino-Japanese War broke out at Luogou Bridge in July 1937, and in September 1937, during the Second Shanghai Incident, the Japanese forces fell inside the Chinese siege of Luodian. The corpses of many Chinese soldiers who were blown out of the city were scattered. They were probably blown up and killed by the Japanese mortars. Corpses come with war, and they were ugly and deformed. The bodies of enemy Chinese soldiers were left to rot with maggots and bacteria or devoured by predators. The army honored the dead soldiers more than the surviving ones.

 The Shanghai Incident had been raging since August 13. In 1937, the fiercest siege broke out in Luodian Town, a transportation hub near Shanghai, a city located in Baoshan District, about 25 kilometers outside of central Shanghai, China. In 1937, one of the most fierce battles took place in the town of Ladian, a major transportation hub near Shanghai, when Japanese troops attacked the white-walled castle in Ladian, a key point of Shanghai. It was a fierce battle that met with fierce resistance from the Chinese army and resulted in many casualties. The Japanese mainland widely reported the brave fighting of the Japanese army, but in reality, the battle was very miserable.

 The area of Rajen was surrounded by a network of inlets in addition to rough roads. Artillery shells could not be replenished and it was difficult to invade the position. The Chinese also launched night raids and surprise attacks. The Japanese reinvigorated their attack with the help of naval bombing. The Chinese soldiers inside the city continued to put up a stubborn resistance, but the Japanese took over and subdued Luodian Town for the time being. The Chinese sent reinforcements to retake the key town of Rajin, and struck back day after day. The Japanese forces struck a blow against the Chinese troops south of Luo Dian Town in early September, and the attack was launched by the bombing of army planes on September 21. On September 21, the Japanese launched an attack by bombing planes, but encountered stiff resistance from the white-walled castle in Rajen, and after 20 days of unsuccessful attempts to dig tunnels, they blew up the castle and occupied it on September 23. On September 23, after digging tunnels, the castle was blown up and occupied, and the Chinese soldiers occupied the houses and surrounding areas. The casualty rate of the Chinese troops reached more than 50%.




12/21/2020

A woman looks at the dead children outside a school at Braunschweig after an Allied bombing raid in October 1944 NSFW.

During World War II, a massive air raid by the Allied Royal Air Force on October 15, 1944, destroyed most of the churches in the city of Braunschweig and the Altstadt (Old Town), the largest homogenous cluster of wooden houses in Germany. After that raid, an elderly German woman looked over the bodies of many murdered children outside a school. About 847 tons of bombs were dropped on the city of Braunschweig. About 12,000 explosive bombs bombed the center of the old wooden town, destroying wooden houses and spreading random fires in the most efficient way. The blasts blew off the roofs of the houses, exposing their interiors, blowing out window panes, destroying internal structures, breaking down walls, tearing out electricity and water, and forcing firefighters and rescue workers into basements and bunkers with the victims. After the explosive bombs, some 200,000 phosphorus and incendiary bombs were dropped. The exact number of casualties from the October 15 attack is unknown, with an estimated death toll of between 484 and 640.

  The exact number of victims of the October 15 attack is unknown, but it was estimated to be between 484 and 640. After World War II, Braunschweig became part of the state of Lower Saxony after the British occupation. Braunschweig was not only an important center for the arms industry, but also, and especially, houses, which were largely destroyed and rendered uninhabitable and useless. October 15 was the 24-hour terrorist attack of the Allied hurricane campaign (October 14-15), which showed overwhelming superiority and caused massive panic. 

 The Luftwaffe's bombing of the German mainland was completely converted to night bombing in 941 in the face of heavy losses and poor results from daylight bombing before 1940, giving the Luftwaffe the upper hand in the Battle of Britain in 1940, and gradually reducing the Luftwaffe's strength with cumulative losses. From 1942 onward, with the participation of the U.S. Air Force, the bombing of cities became more and more intense, with the ultimate goal of demoralizing the German people. On February 14, 1942, a number of German cities were designated as bombing targets, and nighttime carpet bombing by large formations began in earnest, especially in order to reduce the will to fight by intensively bombing the urban centers. 






12/20/2020

21-year-old man 1.0 to 1.5 km, Hiroshima, in open, chondritis of ear with cauliflower deformity, and some burns of the back were received through clothing with slight epilation at November 28.

He was a 21-year-old man who was exposed to the Hiroshima atomic bomb about 1 to 1.5 kilometers from the hypocenter. He was outdoors in Hiroshima City, wearing khaki-colored clothing, a hat, and shoes. He had chondritis of the ear with a cauliflower-like deformity. He was exposed to burns on his back through his clothing. There was slight hair loss. His white blood cell count was 2,400 on the 22nd day and 5,400 on the 92nd day; this was his condition on November 28, 1945, about 114 days after his exposure on August 6, 1945. Occasionally, burns and infection combined to cause chondritis of the ear. During healing, the auricle was scarred, shrunken, and distorted, causing a cauliflower deformity. Such deformities were common among survivors within about 1.5 km of the hypocenter.

   Even among those who were at the same distance from the hypocenter, the immediate symptoms from the burns caused by the atomic bomb flashes varied from one survivor to another. Vesicles tended to appear more frequently in survivors who were within about 1 km than in those who were farther away. For one survivor at this distance, the blisters appeared quickly but were painless until the next day. The two survivors at about 1 km to 1.5 km had both pain and blisters within 5 minutes. The survivors above about 1.5 km experienced pain within 2 hours, but the blisters did not appear until the next day. In the other survivors, even above about 2.0 km, vesicles developed within about 10 minutes. As with most burns, the pain was severe for the first few hours and then subsided. The symptoms and course of the burns were similar to those of sunburn, except that erythema appeared earlier than usual.

 In both the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs, burn casualties were a major problem. In the case of the Hiroshima bomb, although there were more people injured by the blast than by burns, burns were the cause of serious injuries and accounted for more than half of the deaths after the bombing. The significance of heat as a cause of immediate death can only be estimated. It is estimated that it was the main cause of immediate death, especially in the area of the inner hypocenter.

 The relative incidence of flash and flame burns is unknown, although both flash and flame were responsible for deaths on the day the atom bomb exploded. Undoubtedly, many of the survivors who were injured by the blast and were unable to escape were killed by the flames. There were also many cases of flash and flame burns occurring simultaneously. In many cases, the flashes set clothing on fire, causing severe burns. However, the vast majority of burn survivors had flash burns. In the 970 Nagasaki atomic bomb cases in which the type of burn was accurately documented, flash burns accounted for about 96% of the burns and flame burns only about 4%. Similarly, among survivors at the Omura Naval Hospital in Omura, Nagasaki, about 97% of burns were caused by flashes. The low incidence of flame-induced burns was confirmed by 20-day survivor records. Flame burns from atomic bomb explosions were similar to normal burns. 




12/19/2020

Japanese soldiers censoring the corpse of the Battle of Lake Khasan wore a gas mask to avoid the intense odor of death from the corpse.

The Zhang Gulbong Incident, a border dispute involving the Soviet Union, Manchuria, and Korea, broke out at Zhang Gulbong in the city of Hunchun in southeastern Manchuria between July 29 and August 11, 1938. In effect, it was a battle between the Japanese and Soviet armies, and the Soviet side called it the Hasan Lake Incident. The Japanese occupied Manchuria was also littered with the bodies of murdered Soviet Union soldiers. The Japanese soldiers inspecting the corpses wore gas masks to avoid the strong stench of death from the corpses. They did not want to be assumed to be corpses from a poison gas battle, so they were not allowed to be posted. The dead bodies of the war dead were immediately riddled with maggots. The corpses were quickly devoured and turned into white bones. As the bones turned white, holes appeared in the skulls where they had been shot.

 The German-Japanese Anti-Comintern Pact signed on November 25, 1936 included a secret document on military alliance against the Soviet Union, which increased the tension on the border between Japan and the Soviet Union. Zhang Gulbong is a 150-meter-high hill in the area where Manchukuo territory is wedged between Imperial Korea and the Soviet Union, with the Tumen River flowing south to the west. As for the border line, Zhang Gulbong was mutually claimed by both sides; from July 6, 1938, Soviet troops invaded Zhang Gulbong and occupied it on July 11. From July 29 to August 11, Japanese and Soviet troops clashed with each other. In the ceasefire agreement on August 11, the Soviet Union confirmed the Japanese occupation of Zhangguofeng, and the two sides completed the retreat to the present border as agreed. Later, Soviet troops reoccupied the blank area, foreshadowing the Nomohan Incident.




12/18/2020

Former female prisoners of Bergen Belsen concentration camp were peeling potatoes in front of piles of dead bodies in the camp.

Piles of dead Jewish prisoners were deposited near the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. A former female prisoner at the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp prepares a meal by peeling potatoes in the open air with its numerous groups of rotting corpses on April 21, 1945.

 The Bergen-Belsen concentration camp was liberated by British troops on April 15, 1945. Approximately 50,000 people died at Bergen-Belsen during the camp's existence. When the British liberators entered the camp, they witnessed evidence of the atrocities committed by the Nazi Germans and the horrific conditions faced by the prisoners. The British soldiers found about 60,000 prisoners inside the camp. Most of them were half-starved and seriously ill. In addition, about 13,000 corpses were lying buried around the camp.

 Faced with a humanitarian crisis, the British military organized emergency medical aid. By April 16, about 27 water wagons and enough food had been provided. Rationing from the military had a negative effect on the weakened prisoners. Their malnourished bodies could not cope as food became much more plentiful than before.

 The diet was steadily improved while the health of the prisoners was monitored. based on the experience of the Bengal famine in India in 1943, a special stomach diet was implemented for prisoners on the verge of starvation. limited amounts of milk, sugar and water were given to the prisoners by the British medical volunteers who arrived on April 29. the prisoners were then given a small amount of milk, sugar and water. Despite these efforts, some 14,000 more people died after the camp was liberated.

 The German military authorities established the Bergen-Belsen camp in 1940. until 1943, Bergen-Belsen was only a prisoner of war (POW) camp. in April 1943, the SS administrative headquarters converted the camp into a concentration camp. It consisted of POW camps, residential camps, and prisoner camps. It housed Jews, prisoners of war, political prisoners, Roma (Gypsies), working people, criminals, Jehovah's Witnesses, and homosexuals. When Allied and Soviet troops invaded German soil in late 1944 and early 1945, Bergen-Belsen became a camp for thousands of Jewish prisoners evacuated from nearby camps. In one fell swoop, thousands of new prisoners arrived, many of them survivors of forced evacuations on foot, straining the camp's meager resources. in January 1945, a large women's camp was also established to house the large number of displaced women. The number increased to about 7,300 at the end of July 1944, about 15,000 at the beginning of December 1944, about 22,000 in February 1945, and jumped to more than 60,000 on April 15, 1945.

 Beginning in late 1944, overall food rations continued to decline; by early 1945, prisoners had been without food and water for days. Sanitary conditions were inadequate, with few toilets and water taps for the tens of thousands of prisoners. Overcrowding, poor sanitation, and lack of adequate food, water, and shelter led to outbreaks of typhus, tuberculosis, typhoid, dysentery, and other diseases, and the death toll continued to rise. tens of thousands of prisoners died in the first few months of 1945.




12/17/2020

In the Nanjing Massacre, many Chinese were slaughtered by Japanese troops and their bodies were skeletonized in the gutters and filled the streets.

In the Nanjing Massacre, a large number of Chinese were massacred by the Japanese army and their bodies were turned into white bones in the gutters. In Nanjing, the corpses of the murdered Chinese filled the streets and the gutters became red with blood. The Japanese were forced to refine the massacred bodies to prevent the spread of disease. Groups of Chinese civilians were rounded up and herded into mining camps for slaughter.

 The Japanese army had already occupied and annexed the Manchurian region of China (1931) and the province of Hot River (1933). In July 1937, on the pretext of invading and occupying the whole of China, tensions between Chinese and Japanese troops in occupied Chinese territory drew from firing near Beijing. Japanese troops invaded the northern provinces of China and soon occupied the Chinese capital, Beijing. The Japanese forces deliberately carried out a savage invasion to destroy the resistance of the Chinese army.

 While fighting continued in northern China, the Japanese broke out a second front in the city of Shanghai on China's east coast. Despite the determined resistance of the Chinese Nationalist forces, the Japanese occupied Shanghai in November 1937. The Japanese took hundreds of Chinese prisoners of war to the Bund or the riverbank and slaughtered them with machine guns from boats anchored in the river. After capturing Shanghai, the Japanese crossed the Yangtze River and invaded the Chinese Nationalist capital of Nanjing. The Japanese inflicted genocide, rape, and looting on the Chinese. The atrocities committed by the Japanese in China were well documented by Western witnesses.

In December 1937, the Japanese army fell Nanking, the capital of the Chinese Nationalist Party, enraged by the intense resistance of the Chinese troops. Murders, rapes, looting, and arson by Japanese troops broke out. The Japanese immediately massacred thousands of Chinese soldiers who surrendered. Later, the Japanese captured some 20,000 young Chinese men, transported them on trucks outside the city walls, and massacred them. Japanese troops were encouraged to sack Nanking and massacre and rape the city's Chinese population.

 For about six weeks, life for the Chinese in Nanking became a nightmare. Groups of drunken Japanese soldiers roamed the streets, killing, raping, looting, and setting fires on a whim. They stopped in the streets and quickly slaughtered any Chinese civilians they deemed worthless. During the first four weeks of the Japanese occupation, at least about 20,000 Chinese women were raped in Nanking, and many more were murdered later.

 The Japanese military executed a horrific means of massacring the Chinese in the city. The bodies of the murdered Chinese filled the streets and the gutters turned red with blood. The Japanese were forced to refine the massacred bodies to prevent the spread of disease. Groups of Chinese civilians were rounded up and herded into mining camps for slaughter. Smiling Japanese soldiers either buried the Chinese alive, chopped them to death with swords, stabbed them to death in bayonet forges, or poured gasoline on the victims and burned them alive. Thousands of corpses of the massacre victims were dumped into the Yangtze River until the river turned red with blood.

 Japanese soldiers shot and posed with the dead victims at the slaughterhouse. They were happy to be photographed with their swords raised beside their intended victims. The atrocities committed by the Japanese army in Nanjing were widely publicized by foreign witnesses, including newspaper correspondents. When the Japanese main camp realized the truth of the horror, much of the evidence of the atrocities disappeared.

 Despite the photographic and eyewitness evidence, the Japanese government still denied the full extent of the massacre, rape and pillage that took place in Nanking in 1937. The Japanese government explained the atrocities of the Nanjing Massacre as the Nanjing Incident in history textbooks. The neo-nationalists complained that this concession to historical truth went too far and that school textbooks should be censored to remove everything. The Japanese military instilled the crimes and atrocities of war as a matter of national pride, not shame.




12/16/2020

During the Vietnam War, a large number of murdered Vietnamese corpses were enshrined in the Tet Offensive by North Vietnam.

During the Vietnam War, the bodies of many Vietnamese killed in the Tet Offensive by North Vietnam from January 30, 1968 were laid to rest. A candle was lit and a woman wept as she prayed for the repose of her soul in the morgue.

 About 14,000 civilian Vietnamese were killed and 24,000 wounded in the Tet Offensive. About 32,000 North Vietnamese troops and Viet Cong were killed and about 5,800 were taken prisoner. About 2,788 South Vietnamese troops were killed, about 8,299 wounded, and about 587 were missing. The U.S. and other allied forces lost about 1,536 killed, 7,764 wounded, and 11 missing. The U.S. Air Force and the Saigon government air force were heavily bombed in order to retake densely populated areas in various urban areas, and Vietnamese citizens were caught up in the indiscriminate bombing with heavy casualties.

  Tet, celebrating the beginning of the new year month on January 30, was the beginning of the sacred Vietnamese holiday. North Vietnam and the Vietcong launched a massive military offensive, proving that the fierce fighting in Southeast Asia was far from over. The administration of President Lyndon B. Johnson over-hyped the American victory to its citizens. The U.S. military eventually decimated the Tet Offensive, and North Vietnam and the Vietcong suffered a brutal defeat. The bloody Tet Offensive set in motion a series of events that continued to undermine Americans' trust in their government.




12/15/2020

The Nazi German Guards brutally decapitated a Yugoslav partisan with an ax.

The Karst Defense Battalion (24th Mountain Division), an SS unit of the Nazi German Army, beheaded a member of the partisan Slovenian Division with an axe on June 11, 1944, in the neighborhood of the Yugoslav village of Karnitza Didria. He executed the brutal beheading with a smile on his face. Other members of the partisans were beheaded as well. Afterwards, the beheaded partisan's head was placed on the table, "Warm greetings from the Karst Battalion of the SS. A man in a green jacket," accompanied by a note. The beheader with the axe was Walter, a German SS officer. The one holding the victim's arm was Francesco McCoy, an Italian civilian soldier. War criminals were identified after the war, but they were not prosecuted and were found innocent.

 Beheading is one of the worst methods of execution known to mankind. The head was not beheaded with a swift sword, but on the contrary chopped with an axe. For noble prisoners, they were traditionally beheaded with a single stroke of the sword. Until 1800, the English Code of Blood carried out over 200 mandatory death sentences for the equivalent of only $25. In France, between 1792 and 1794, more than 16,000 Frenchmen were beheaded by the guillotine, known as the nation's razor; the last guillotine was executed in 1977, and the death penalty was abolished in 1981. Even today, beheading remains a legal punishment in Middle Eastern countries, with Saudi Arabia executing about 100 beheadings a year.

 In addition to the beheading of criminals by the government, the military also desired the beheading of prisoners of war: in the 1894 drawing, Japanese troops beheaded Chinese prisoners of war during the Sino-Japanese War. The beheadings by sword were executed in the mission to ethnically cleanse occupied Korea. The Islamic State (ISIS) always used video to intimidate its enemies abroad, showing the beheading of captives' heads with horrific saws. ISIS propagated its cruelty around the world with short knives that maximized blood and gore, with victims screaming throughout the killings. 




12/14/2020

At Riot at Attica Prison, 10 hostages and 29 inmates were killed in an indiscriminate hail of gunfire. Eighty-nine others were seriously injured.

On September 9, 1971, inhumane conditions led to a sudden and violent riot at the Attica, New York prison. Approximately 2,200 prisoners at the prison participated in the riot. About 1,281 prisoners occupied the exercise yard. About 39 prison guards and employees who were taken hostage were blindfolded. In the meantime, a guard was killed and prisoners took over the prison for five days. Negotiations took place, but all of the authorities in Attica wanted to overwhelmingly take back the prison. Just prior to this, in the summer of 1971, Attica Prison in New York State was in danger of exploding. Prisoners complained of chronic overcrowding, censorship of letters, and unsatisfactory living conditions; they were limited to one shower a week and one roll of toilet paper each month. Some Attica prisoners were beginning to perceive their treatment as that of political prisoners rather than convicted criminals.

 On September 13, 1971, the authorities asked the prisoners to surrender, incapacitating them with large amounts of tear gas and short machine guns dropped from helicopters and swarmed by some 700 or more state police, local officers and guards. They indiscriminately abused and massacred every prisoner in sight. Many prisoners who had already been subdued or injured were also executed. Prisoners' skulls were caved in with rifle handles. The police fired about 3,000 rounds in six minutes indiscriminately at the tear gas miasma. About 29 prisoners were killed. About 10 hostages were also killed by gunfire. About 89 other prisoners were seriously injured. Only the officers and guards retaking the prison had guns. The prisoners were armed with knives and other cutting weapons.

 Immediately after retaking the prison, the guards and policemen tortured the prisoners in retaliation. The means of torture included rubbing lime powder into their wounds, shooting them in the arms and legs, burning them with cigarettes, forcing them to drink urine, threatening to castrate them, and denying them medical treatment. For decades, prison authorities covered up the actual riots that took place. The New York State Troopers involved in the massacre were found innocent; with the exception of the Indian massacre in the late 19th century, the state police assault that ended the four-day prison uprising became the bloodiest history among Americans since the Civil War. 




12/13/2020

Joe 4 (RDS-6s :Reaktivnyi Dvigatel Specialnyi) was the first Soviet test of a thermonuclear weapon on August 12, 1953, that detonated with a force equivalent to 400 kilotons of TNT.

Joe-4 (RSD-6s) is the nickname for the first Soviet test of a thermonuclear weapon by fusion, conducted on August 12, 1953, and the fourth American nuclear test. It was detonated at Semipalatinsk, Kazakhstan, with the equivalent of about 400 kilotons of TNT. The combination of fusion energy and fission of neutrons made it about ten times more powerful than a fission-type atomic bomb. Fission and fusion were stratified, with a power distribution of about 10% from uranium-235 fission, 20% from fusion, and 70% from uranium fission. Joe 4 was touted as a true hydrogen bomb. American experts denied that it was a hydrogen bomb. The Soviet true hydrogen bomb, code-named RDS-37, was tested on November 22, 1955. All of them were carried out at the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site of the Kazakh SSR.

 The Soviets began research on nuclear and hydrogen bombs in June 1948. Deuterium and uranium-238 were alternately layered around a fissile core. The Soviet nuclear program expanded during the early 1950s to include atomic and hydrogen bombs, accelerating their power during the Cold War. The Soviets, at a disadvantage in the accuracy and reliability of their nuclear weapons delivery, developed larger and more powerful bombs. This was tested by the Soviets with the development of the massive super bomb Tsaribomba, which dropped 50 megatons of TNT in 1961. The U.S., by contrast, focused on developing smaller, more effective nuclear weapons that could be deployed on medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBMs) and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs).

 The Semipalatinsk landfill is the only nuclear weapons test site in the world where people have always lived. During the nearly 40 years of nuclear testing, not a single settlement has been closed. No one has been evicted from the danger zone since the closure of the landfill. The Soviet Union carried out 456 nuclear tests in Semipalatinsk from 1949 to 1989. A significant amount of radioactive material, including plutonium, has now been abandoned. In a longitudinal study spanning almost 40 years, exposure to fallout was correlated with the prevalence of solid tumors.









12/12/2020

Homeless Jewish children in the Warsaw Ghetto around 1941 suffered from hunger. They cried, gave up and sat down, and fell asleep in suffering.

Homeless children in the Warsaw Ghetto around 1941 suffered from starvation. They cried out, gave up, sat down, and fell asleep in agony. Jews gradually died of hunger and dehydration dryness. One after another, black wagons were gathering up the dead bodies on the streets. I had no choice but to pass by the bodies in silence. The emaciated orphans walked in agony, carrying blankets and holding hands.

 In September 1942, the Nazi German army announced, "All Jews still in the Warsaw Ghetto must assemble at a designated place. Those who do not assemble will be shot. The SS and Ukrainian militia sorted out the non-assembled Jews, dead or alive, from September 6 to 12. They swept the buildings and shot the hiders in plain sight immediately afterwards.

 The Jews taken to extermination concentration camps were countless men, women, children, and old people who were made to walk around expressionless, frightened, nervous, and disappointed. Their families were separated from them, and their faces turned pale with fear as they trembled and begged for mercy from the policemen. Even those who were able to stay behind were not willing to risk their own lives. During that period alone, the Nazi Germans transported some 60,000 Jews to extermination camps, and about 4,000 starved to death or were shot to death.




12/11/2020

A Gestapo agent inspects a group of Yugoslavs Partisans executed by Nazi henchmen.

An organization of partisans of the Yugoslav army was hanged by the Gestapo of Nazi Germany around the summer of 1941. In the early days of the occupation, the Gestapo executed indiscriminate hangings and shootings of about 100 or more local residents in retaliation for the killing of German soldiers. The invading forces by the Axis powers, including the Nazi German army, were severely repressed by the occupying civilians. The partisans who allowed Yugoslavia to remain received widespread support. The first partisan uprising occurred in Croatia on June 22, 1941, and was followed by the abandonment of various multi-ethnic partisans throughout the country. 236,000 people were assembled in December 1942. The partisans were supported by the general public as their guerrilla operations became effective. The partisans attacked not because of their ethnicity, but because of their war ideology. The Germans saw the partisans as a threat and attacked their main organizations. starting around 1942, they received major former support from the Allies on the Western Front.

 The partisans in Yugoslavia began with the invasion of Yugoslavia by Nazi Germany and other Axis powers on April 6, 1941. Organized under the leadership of Tito, they carried out guerrilla operations against the occupying forces of Nazi Germany after the Germans invaded the Soviet Union in June. The military coup led to the unconditional surrender of the Royal Army of Yugoslavia on April 17, 1941.The casualties of the invasion of Yugoslavia from April 6 to April 18, 1941, were about 151 German troops killed and 392 wounded in action, thousands of deaths on the Yugoslav side, and more than 284,000 prisoners of war. More than 284,000 POWs were arrested.




12/10/2020

After the occupation of Poland, Mass shootings of Polish citizens by Einsatzgruppen.

The Einsatzgruppen (Einsatzgruppen) carried out mass shootings of Polish citizens after the occupation of Poland. The Einsatzgruppen (Einsatzgruppen) were special SS troops who were tasked with massacring Jews, Communists, and other people who had no reason to live by the Nazis. Nazi German forces occupied Austria and certain Czechoslovakian areas in annexation. The Einsatzgruppen were the first to carry out mass killings in the annexed parts of Austria and Czechoslovakia.

 For the Polish campaign of 1939, the Chief of State Security formed six major Einsatzgruppen. Five of the units were attached to the invading German forces, while another was designated for duty in the Poznan area. During the Polish campaign, the Einsatzgruppen's strength reached about 2,700 men. From September 1 to October 25, 1939, more than 500 towns and villages were burned and about 16,000 people were executed by the Einsatzgruppen.

 Notoriously, the Einsatzgruppen had been formed in the spring of 1941 for the Russian campaign. The security police and security forces were ordered to assist the Germans in fighting the Allied forces behind the front lines. The commanders of the Einzatzgruppen were carefully selected from the most educated and most zealous Nazis; three of the four commanders had earned doctorates.

 The usual method of execution for the Einsatzgruppen was by firing squad. Other methods used were gas trucks. Typically, they were taken to a remote location and shot. When carrying out executions by firing squad, the Germans frequently used existing ravines, sand pits, quarries, or abandoned Russian anti-tank ditches, and the Germans had their victims dig their own graves. Very accurate records were kept of the activities of the Einsatzgruppen. Many of the commander's reports survived and were brought before the war crimes tribunal in Nuremberg.

 The Einsatzgruppen was disbanded by 1944. The Einzatzgruppen D was an exception, and was disbanded in July 1943. Over the years, its deadly activities claimed the lives of some 700,000 people or more. Einsatzgruppen commanders and officers were put on trial in Nuremberg and elsewhere, and seven were executed. more than 50 Einsatzgruppen officers were put on trial. More than 50 Einsatzgruppen officers were tried and the sentences they received were light in punishment compared to the gravity of the crimes.




12/09/2020

On the firing line at Ernecou, one man lies dead, and the second soldier has just been hit.

In the early stages of World War I, from January to March 1915, World War I broke out in Europe as Allied forces (Britain, France, Russia, etc.) and the Tripartite Pact (Germany, Austria, Italy, etc.) clashed on the Western Front. The battle broke out on the front of Erne Court in France. One French soldier was killed in action and laid on his back. The other French soldier was being treated by a Red Cross surgeon. The second French soldier from the left attempted to fall immediately after being shot.

 By September 1, 1914, the Germans on the Western Front had won an overwhelming victory. Under the pressure of the overwhelming German hordes, the Allied troops were driven from their positions where the French were advancing across the northern border. French forces withdrew continuously for about ten days until they held a jittery front running from the northern limit in a northeasterly direction. At Verdun, the Western Front came to a halt, and the southern end of the line was heading toward Paris. The very sudden change was symbolic of the retreat of the French army and the victory of the Germans. The French army had been destroyed and was defending itself. However, the small expeditionary force of French and British troops did not exceed about a tenth of the total number of troops in the line. Despite the long retreat and terrible tensions, the French soldiers trusted that the Francs were retreating to the best place to fight.

 Across the rapidly changing western front, the sluggish rivers of the Marne and Aisne slowly wound their way from east to west. in September 1914, the great battle of World War I broke out. In September 1914, a major battle of World War I broke out: the French army decided to wage an immense battle along the Marne River. At the beginning of September, when the reserve army was called up, the operation was carried out. In early September, the right flank of the German army, which had not attacked under French garrison, invaded towards the French left flank.





12/08/2020

6,000 people between Hindu and Muslim were killed riots in Calcutta in August 1946.

On Direct Actio Day (August 16, 1946), about 6,000 people were massacred in a series of massacres, riots and slaughters by Muslims and Hindus in Calcutta (now Kolkata), India. Bodies were strewn on the streets of Calcutta after a joint riot on the day of the direct action. Charred bodies lay unattended and unseen on the streets of Calcutta. All the bodies were there, piled up at least about nine meters high. They were stacked in trucks, oozing blood and brains.

 The Day of Direct Action was at the heart of the religious struggle that eventually led to the partition of India. In Calcutta, the Great Calcutta Killings broke out by Muslims and Hindus. Muhammad Ali Jinnah, a Muslim, declared August 16, 1946 as the day of direct action and clamored for the creation of a Muslim-dominated Pakistan, with the Slim League demanding that Muslims across the country divide the country on the basis of religion.

 The Indian state of Bengal was a Muslim-majority state. The Muslims were placed in a precarious position against the Hindu-dominated political backdrop. A freedom struggle was waged with the Hindus as the colonial rulers. The concept of nationalism was more complexly intertwined with religion. Indians were equated with Hindus. Rather than marginalizing Muslims, they showed a coherent and firm attitude towards the British, which deepened the gap between Hindus and Muslims.

 The joint Hindu-Muslim riots of August 16, 1946, became one of the most brutal incidents of violence in India's history. Hundreds more Hindus, mostly Muslims, were killed. Jinnah did not anticipate the eventual large-scale riots when he demanded the suspension of all businesses across the country. The riots caused panic among Muslims, who became a minority in the Hindu-dominated state. The riots ultimately increased the sense of alienation between Hindus and Muslims and strengthened their desire for independence in another country. The riots forced them to live together and talked each other out of it.

 After World War II, Indian independence movements broke out in many parts of the country, and the colonial power, Britain, tolerated India's independence. Pakistan's independence came on August 14, 1947, and India's on August 15, 1947. Jinnah became the Viceroy of Pakistan and Jawaharlal Nehru became the Prime Minister of India's independence and secession.




12/07/2020

The wreckage of a Japanese Zero-type fighter jet shot down by the US Army in Palau during the Pacific War was submerged at a depth of about 10 m.

Palau is a chain of four islands centered on Babeldaob Island, the largest of the Palau Islands. In the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Palau Aracabesan Island, the wreckage of a Japanese Zero fighter shot down by the U.S. military in the Pacific War was found submerged in the ocean floor at a depth of about 10 meters. Many Japanese Zero fighters were also used over Palau Island, but many of them were bombed by the US forces and crashed offshore. The island of Palau was subjected to massive air raids by U.S. task forces between March 30 and April 1, 1944.

 Peleliu Island was located about 50 kilometers south of Babeldaob Island, the main island of Palau. On Peleliu Island, the Japanese, numbering about 11,000, had established a large airfield and had been strengthening the airfield's defenses since April 1944. By the time American forces landed on Peleliu Island on September 15, 1944, there were only a few fighter airfields. The American forces occupied the airfield by September 16. Japanese forces gradually took it against a counterattack from about 90 meters of mountainous terrain, and the Americans occupied it on November 27. The Japanese forces were almost completely wiped out, with only about 450 survivors, 96% of whom were killed in action. Of the 28,000 American troops, about 1,544 were killed and 6,635 were wounded.








12/06/2020

On the following day after the Nagasaki atomic bomb, five rescue workers carried a dead bodies of the survivors on a stretcher on their shoulders near Uragami Station.

The Nagasaki atomic bomb was dropped at 11:02 a.m. on August 9, 1945, and exploded, destroying the city. The next day, on the morning of August 10, 1945, a seriously injured hibakusha was transported about 1.1 km south of the hypocenter. Near Urakami Station, five rescue workers carried the bodies of the Hibakusha on stretchers, which they carried on their shoulders. All the buildings along the road had collapsed, and in front of them, a collapsed building remained. A mother and her son were evacuated with their baggage. 

 In Nagasaki, the Wartime Air Defense and Rescue Headquarters was established in September 1944, and the Nagasaki Prefectural General Mobilization Security Council was created in February 1945. The relief system was organized by the Nagasaki City Medical Association. About 22 relief stations were designated by the relief headquarters, including the national schools of Shinzen, Katsuyama, Iraborin, Maraya, and Inasa. Nagasaki Medical College and Mitsubishi Hospital set up first aid centers, which were unexpectedly devastated by the atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, especially the Nagasaki Medical College, about 700 meters southeast of the hypocenter, and many of the city's medical associations. The Urakami Daiichi Hospital, which was damaged about 1.4 km from the hypocenter, survived and provided medical care from September 10, and the Honbara Relief Station was opened on September 12 by the Nagasaki Prefectural Police Security Force and the Kawanami Industrial Service. On September 12, the Honbara Relief Station was opened by the Nagasaki Prefectural Police Guard and the Kawanami Industrial Service, and the main hospital of Mitsubishi Hospital, which still had medical functions, provided relief.

 Immediately after the bombing, A-bomb survivors began to gather at national schools such as Shinzen, Katsuyama, Irabayashi, and Maraya, which had been designated as aid stations, as well as the Nagasaki College of Economics. Relief efforts were also launched at the Shiroyama and Yamazato national schools near the hypocenter, the Nagasaki Municipal Commercial School, and near Douno Station. From Nagasaki City, the nearby Omura Naval Hospital, Isahaya Naval Hospital, Hario Marine Corps, Sasebo Naval Hospital Takeo Branch, Nagasaki Army Hospital, as well as army hospitals in Fukuoka, Kurume, and other areas participated in the relief activities.





12/05/2020

At the Battle of the Somme in World War I, A German soldier was killed near his machine gun at the entrance to an his Dugouht.

A German soldier is killed near a machine gun at the entrance to an air-raid shelter during the Battle of the Somme in World War I. I was involved in the fierce and tragic Battle of the Somme on the Western Front of World War I. In the course of the Battle of the Somme, both armies were firing shells by the ton, machine guns were firing in rapid succession, chemical weapons were being sprayed, flamethrowers were being fired, and tanks were on the scene.

 The Battle of the Somme, which took place between July 1 and November 18, 1916, broke out as an Allied offensive against German forces on the Western Front. It was one of the most tragic casualty battles of World War I. It took place about 30 kilometers around the Somme River in France. Prior to the attack, the Allies launched a week-long heavy artillery barrage of some 1.75 million shells to cut through the German defenses of the barbed wire and destroy German positions. On the first day, with the barbed wire intact, thousands of British troops were shot dead in no-man's land by German machine gun and rifle fire. British troops suffered more than 57,000 casualties on the first day of the battle alone, and about 19,000 more soldiers were killed, making it the most disastrous day in British military history. By the time the Battle of the Somme ended about five months after the initial battle, more than three million soldiers had fought on both sides, and about one million more had been killed or wounded.

 In the early morning hours of July 15, British troops began shelling different areas, followed by a massive attack. Attacking the Bazentan Ridge north of the Somme, the assault also inflicted losses on the German forces. It advanced about 5.5 kilometers into German territory. However, by the end of July, the Germans had lost about 160,000 men, while the British and French had lost about 200,000 more, and their slight advance was accompanied by heavy casualties.

 During the attack at Flerculslet on September 15, the British troops saw the first appearance of tanks on the battlefield, followed by artillery fire. They soon broke down and invaded only 24 kilometers, even with about 29,000 casualties; by October, bad weather prevented another Allied attack, and they became muddy casualties under heavy shelling from German artillery and fighters. The Allies made their final push into battle in mid-November, attacking German positions in the Uncle Sam River Valley. With the advent of true winter weather, the offensive finally came to a halt on November 18. By the time of the ceasefire, the Allies had advanced only 11 kilometers.





Fifteen Vietnamese civilians were killed and four injured by the explosion of a mine on a country road 8 km west of Tuy Hòa, March 18, 1966.A mother became a victim of a landmine explosion and her daughter cried out beside the corpse.

About 15 Vietnamese civilians were killed and four others wounded in a landmine explosion on a rural road about 8 km west of Tuy Hoa in Sout...