Crossing of river in the Ruhr: A US soldier belonging to the 29th Infantry Division lies dead on a potntoon bridge, killed by enemy fire from the far bank of the river near Julich, Feb 23, 1945.

During the Western Front of World War II, American troops crossed the river in the Rhineland near the Belgian border. In order to cross the Ruhr, a series of ironclads were built and a plank bridge was laid on top of them. On February 23, 1945, an American soldier was shot by the Germans on a bridge on the Ruhr River near Jülich during the final stages of the invasion of mainland Germany, and fell face down on the bridge and was killed. Helmets and rifles had fallen around him. The American soldier was shot dead by a German soldier when he was only about 10 meters away from the river bank.

　American troops executed Operation Queen to cross the Ruhr River from November 16 to December 16, 1944, in order to invade inside Germany, but were unable to cross the river. They were able to capture the Rhineland after indiscriminate air raids on Montfort in the Netherlands, which resulted in the loss of about 186 civilians. After that, we were able to cross the Ruhr starting in February 1945. They crossed the Ruhr River in western Germany and invaded the Siegfried Line.

　The defensive line by the Hürtgenwald forest flooded the entire Hürtgen Valley from the Schwamenaer Dam, making it the longest battle in the American army. It inflicted heavy casualties, costing the US Army about 24,000+ casualties and about 9,000 non-combat casualties. The German casualties were about 12,000 men killed or wounded; they captured the Schwamenaer Dam in February 1945, allowing them to cross the Ruhr.

　In World War II, the German border defense line built in the 1930s was the Siegfried Line, which was called the Western Wall. It stretched more than 630 kilometers from Craiw, on the Dutch border at the western edge of the former German Empire, to Weil am Rhein on the Swiss border. From September 1944 to March 1945, the Siegfried Line exposed the Allied forces to massive German attacks.

During the Sino-Japanese War in 1937, the Japanese executed Chinese soldiers by beheading in the vicinity of the Daxing Mountains in Shanxi Province, leaving corpses strewn about.

In the Sino-Japanese War, around 1937, Japanese troops executed Chinese soldiers by beheading in the vicinity of 潞安城 in the Da Xing Mountains of Shanxi Province. The castle was littered with corpses of Chinese soldiers who had been beheaded or stabbed with bamboo spears by the Japanese. There was a stench of death in the air. In various parts of China, Japanese troops were executing Chinese prisoners of war by beheading. The moment a Chinese head was beheaded and blood splattered in a bang, the prisoner's body was reflexively thrown into the air in front of him.

　After World War II, many war criminals were executed by beheading from the Japanese army in China, Southeast Asia, and the Pacific front, and after 1942, the Japanese army executed many Chinese prisoners of war. After 1942, the Japanese executed many Chinese prisoners of war. 20,000 of the Chinese POWs were repatriated to the Japanese mainland and taken to forced labor. About 15% of them died of malnutrition and other diseases.

　During the Sino-Japanese War, the only photos that were allowed by the Japanese military censors were those of Japanese soldiers hailing their victory. Civilians who possessed censored and unauthorized photos were severely punished by the military police. Most of the tragic war photos were not allowed to be taken during the war. The censorship was particularly severe during the war's annihilation and defeat, and all interviews and information gathering were forbidden. Even when photos were sent to the Japanese mainland, they were rarely published in the paper. Photographs that were inevitably rejected were not censored and were kept in a small amount of secrecy within the company. Because of their secrecy, the dates, places, and names of the photographs were unknown. In Japan, the Kempeitai and police sabers suppressed speech and reporting.

　The Army Ministerial Order of July 31, 1937, and the Navy Ministerial Order of August 16, 1937, strictly forbade the publication of any photographs that were disadvantageous or horrific to our military. After Japan's defeat after World War II, some Japanese magazines published old unauthorized photos of the Japanese invasion of China. These photos were indeed censored by the Japanese military and not allowed to be published. Conscientious Japanese people began to look back on the war of aggression, and in such a climate, it was only natural that old photos that were not good for the Japanese military would be published.

The Finnish Revolution : soldiers of White "Protective Corps" shoot down Red Guards during The Finnish Civil War (27 January – 15 May 1918).

 In the course of the Finnish Civil War, the White Army self-defense forces shot and killed the socialist Red Army Red Guards in 1918. In the areas occupied by the White Army, people were arrested for belonging to workers' organizations and the leaders of the organizations were shot. In Sveborg, public executions were carried out, machine guns were in operation for several hours each day, and about 200 people a day were shot with explosive rounds, sending chunks of flesh flying in all directions. In Helsinki, about 100 people were killed when White and German troops marched in front of workers' wives and children in a fierce urban battle. About 40 Red Army women who were armed were pulled out onto the ice and shot dead without trial. Thousands of Reds escaped at Tammafo, but about 2,000 were killed in the fighting and about 5,000 were taken prisoner. The White victors slaughtered the defeated Reds, and at Viipuri, some 600 Reds were lined up in three rows along the edge of the fortress moat and machine-gunned in cold blood. The number of people massacred was estimated to be between about 10,000 and 20,000. About 70,000 Red Army troops were held in concentration camps, and about 2,347 people died of disease in about 26 days.

　The Finnish Civil War broke out from January 27, 1918 to May 15, 1918. It was a civil war over the leadership and control of Finland during the transition from a grand duchy of the Russian Empire to an independent country. The civil war broke out as part of the national, political and social turmoil caused by the Eastern Front of World War I in Europe. The Finnish Civil War was fought between the "Red Army," led by the Social Democrats, and the "White Army," commanded by the non-socialist, conservative Senate. The paramilitary "Red Guards," composed of industrial and agricultural workers, dominated the cities and industrial areas of southern Finland. On the other hand, the paramilitary "White Guard," composed of peasants, middle class and upper class, dominated the rural areas in central and northern Finland.

　Finnish society was experiencing rapid population growth, industrialization, and urbanization, and a comprehensive labor movement was emerging. The country's political and administrative system was in a precarious stage of democratization and modernization, but the socioeconomic conditions of the people and their national cultural status were gradually improving. The collapse of the Russian Empire due to World War I led to a power struggle, militarization and a deepening of the crisis between the Finnish leftist labor movement and the Finnish conservatives.

　The Red Army was supplied with weapons by Soviet Russia in February 1918, and an all-out offensive failed; a White Army counter-offensive began in March and was reinforced by units of the German Imperial Army in April. The decisive military actions in this civil war were the Battles of Tampere and Viipuri, won by the White Army, and the Battles of Helsinki and Lahti, won by the Germans, leading to an all-out victory for the White and German armies. Both the Red Army and the White Army engaged in political terrorism. Many Red Army prisoners of war died of malnutrition and disease. In total, about 39,000 and 36,000 Finns died in the war.

　The Finns moved from the Russian government to the German sphere of influence and made plans to establish a German-led Finnish monarchy. This plan was abandoned when Germany was defeated in World War I, and Finland emerged as an independent and democratic republic. The civil war divided Finland for decades, but social compromises based on a long period of moderate political and religious culture, the outcome of World War I, and the economic recovery after the civil war reunited Finnish society.

During the Battle of Liaoyang in the Russo-Japanese War, the Japanese forces attacking Shushanbao and Beidaisan were destroyed in a fierce battle, disposing of the huge number of bodies of slain Japanese soldiers.

During the Battle of Liaoyang in the Russo-Japanese War, Japanese troops attacked the Shushan Redoubt from August 30, 1904, and Beidaisan from the middle of the night on August 31, and were destroyed in a fierce battle. On the following day, September 1, at 1:00 p.m., the huge number of dead bodies of Japanese soldiers who were killed and scattered in the battlefield were disposed of. On August 30, the Japanese attacked the Russian positions east of Shushanbao. On August 30, the Japanese attacked the Russian positions to the east of Shushanbao, but due to the severe shortage of men, horses, materials, and ammunition, they could not sufficiently attack the strong enemy positions, and the tragic casualties of the assault troops increased. Japanese units that ran out of ammunition were unable to eliminate the Russian assault, and many Japanese soldiers were killed or wounded. The Japanese troops attacking at night were discovered by moonlight and came under fierce attack by the Russians.

　On August 28, the Japanese forces launched an all-out attack at the Battle of Liaoyang, and the first major battle of the Russo-Japanese War broke out between about 130,000 Japanese and 220,000 Russian troops. On September 1, the Russian forces from Shushanbao to Beidashan retreated from their positions and occupied the unoccupied Shushanbao. From September 1, the Russians counterattacked the Japanese troops that had crossed the Taishi River, but on September 3, the Russians gave up and retreated altogether. The Battle of Liaoyang ended with the Japanese army entering the city of Liaoyang. The casualties were 23,533 on the Japanese side and over 20,000 on the Russian side, totaling over 40,000 on both sides.

　On September 29, 1904, in order to replenish the military forces, the Conscription Ordinance was amended to allow for temporary call-ups until the time of war, if necessary due to an incident. The age of military service was extended from 18-32 years old to 18-37 years old. In March 1927, the Military Service Law was promulgated in place of the Conscription Order, and came into effect on December 1 of the same year. In March 1927, the Military Service Law was promulgated, replacing the Conscription Order, and went into effect on December 1, 1927. At the same time as the Military Service Law, the Army Muster Regulations and the Navy Muster Regulations were also promulgated, and the law was revised from conscription to muster. A call-up warrant is a warrant issued to an individual by the military to summon a person from the hometown as a soldier.

The keloids that had formed and swelled from the chest to the breasts of atomic bomb survivors exposed to the Nagasaki atomic bomb whose photographs were taken in February 1947 .

The keloid formation occurred on burned skin. Keloids that formed and swelled from the chest to the breasts of female atomic bomb survivors exposed to the Nagasaki atomic bomb were photographed in February 1947.

    The sequelae and genetic effects of the atomic bombs included the following atomic bomb diseases

   1) Keloids: In the center of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, near the hypocenter, victims who received significant primary burns or flame burns were injured simultaneously by the tremendous blast and radiation, and most of them died immediately or within the same day. They were at least near the end of Stage I. These secondary burns were similar in nature to those of flash fires, resembling grade 3 and grade 4 burns that cause significant damage to the deep dermis and subcutaneous tissue. These lesions were often associated with flash burns and took a long time to heal. The poor living conditions just before and after the end of the Pacific War also contributed to this long healing period. Burns festered, leading to delayed wound repair and the formation of thick scars in the subcutaneous tissue. The scar tissue shrank, resulting in deformity and functional impairment. These sequelae were more pronounced on the face, neck, and fingers.

　The majority of flash burns (primary burns), which occurred frequently in areas within about 2,000 to 3,000 meters of the hypocenter, initially healed in a relatively short time and resulted in the formation of simple, thin scars. This is a difference between the two groups. Bone maturation was studied in 1973 and included 556 children exposed in utero in Hiroshima and Nagasaki and a control group. It was found that epiphyseal closure of the hands progressed about 6 to 7 months later in boys and about 8 to 9 months later in girls than previously reported in healthy children.

   2) Adult life of in utero survivors: In 1973, the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission reported on the late effects of in utero exposure. The A-bomb diseases observed in persons exposed to high doses of radiation in utero were: (1) retardation of growth and development (height, head circumference) and increased incidence of microcephaly; (2) increased mortality, especially in infants; (3) temporary decrease in antibody production; and (4) increased frequency of chromosome aberrations in peripheral lymphocytes. However, there was no increase in the incidence of leukemia or cancer, nor was there any change in fertility or in the sex ratio of children born to exposed women.

    3) Microcephaly As for the frequency of microcephaly, the Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission found 33 cases of microcephaly among 169 prenatally exposed survivors in Hiroshima. These 33 cases included 15 cases of mental retardation, 18 cases of normal mental development, and 13 cases of head circumference more than 3 standard deviations smaller than the standard deviation. Among 183 children exposed in utero in Hiroshima, we found 33 cases of microcephaly; 14 of the 33 cases had a marked degree of microcephaly. With regard to children exposed in utero in Nagasaki, the authors noted that the average head circumference of high-dose survivors (within 1.5 km and more than 50 rads) was low. They reported microcephaly in 7 of 102 children exposed in utero within 2 km of the hypocenter in Nagasaki and in 5 of 173 children exposed 2 to 3 km from the hypocenter.

Russian soldiers survey the Austrian dead on a battlefield somewhere on the Eastern Front 1917 during World War I

During World War I, in 1917, Russian soldiers performed autopsies on the bodies of Austrian soldiers on the battlefields of the Eastern Front. The bodies of Austrian soldiers filled the battlefield. Russian soldiers roamed among the frozen corpses.

　Czar Nicholas II made the fateful decision to drag Russia into World War I. The Russian military was unprepared to handle the military and economic costs; in less than a year, some four million more Russian soldiers were killed, wounded, or taken prisoner. In the course of the First World War (1914-1918), discontent against Czar Nicholas grew. During the war, more than 1.7 million Russian soldiers lost their lives and about 5 million were wounded. Many soldiers deserted and refused to fight under the orders of the dictatorial czar. Persistent political and social unrest ensued as famine worsened in the countryside, where some 80 percent or more of the Russian population lived. Many political critics of Czar Nicholas fled abroad from persecution by the Czar's secret police. They fled to Switzerland, including stubborn anarchists and socialists such as Bakunin, Kropotkin, Plekhanov, and Lenin.

　The Eastern Front was very important in the overall front of the First World War. The Eastern Front was active in the fighting and was involved in some of the most important battles of the war. The fighting along the Eastern Front occurred from August 1, 1914 to May 7, 1918. During this period, millions of soldiers participated in both the Allies and the Central Allies, resulting in many casualties. The Allies estimated that they suffered about 9.9 million casualties and the Central Allies about 5.9 million casualties. Russia suffered the most losses on the Eastern Front due to its struggle against industrialization and the overall ill-equipment of its soldiers. Due to the realities of war, it also suffered many civilian losses on both sides. Russia experienced the outbreak of the Russian Revolution between the Eastern Front and World War I. Russia was ruled by Tsar Nicholas II, an absolute monarch before 1917. Russia before and during World War I, the increase in Russian casualties and the shortage of supplies led to an increase in the amount of anger directed at the Czar and his handling of the Russian war effort. Russia became a sharply divided society and the poorest Russians struggled daily to survive. Poverty was widespread, especially among the Russian peasants who worked for the landowning aristocracy.

     In 1917, Vladimir Lenin led a series of revolts against Tsar Nicholas II. Lenin was the leader of the Bolsheviks, a communist organization that sought to gain power over Russia and pull Russia out of the fighting in World War I. Soon, Tsar Nicholas II and his family were imprisoned and Lenin and the Bolsheviks seized power. Lenin opposed Russia's involvement in World War I and negotiated a peace treaty with Germany shortly after coming to power. the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, signed on March 3, 1918, won Russia peace with Germany, but in exchange Russia relinquished most of its land to Germany. Russia's withdrawal from the fighting in World War I forced Germany to concentrate all of its troops on the Western Front. This was a severe blow to the Allies. When the United States officially joined World War I on the side of the Allies, France and Great Britain soon received much-needed support.

Dead Vietnamese, US officers are casualities of brush with Vietcong. American dead in first half of 1964 was 227.

The Vietnam War saw a sharp deterioration in the military situation in 1964. Bodies of Vietnamese killed by the Viet Cong (VC) were strewn about, as were the bodies of American officers killed by the Viet Cong. The first half of 1964 saw a doubling of terrorist incidents and an increase in desertions and defections of South Vietnamese troops; in the first half of 1964 alone, the death toll of U.S. troops rose to about 227.

  Even clamoring for the establishment of fortified settlements throughout South Vietnam failed to stop the apparent retreat. During the Vietnam War, some 600 Viet Cong guerrillas suddenly emerged from the jungle and attacked the small fortified settlements. The Vietcong blew up the wire and strage with machine gun fire. The next morning, a rescue party of South Vietnamese troops arrived. A South Vietnamese soldier, whose family lived in the village, wailed over the body of his baby son. The baby was wrapped neatly in a straw mat and given a name tag for burial.

  In August, the North Vietnamese army played a public role in the fighting. In the Gulf of Tonkin, a North Vietnamese torpedo boat attacked the American destroyer Maddox. Secretary of State Rusk warned immediately afterward, "If you do that again, you'll get stung. The jungle warfare by the Viet Cong in South Vietnam took an ominous new turn. For the first time, the Vietnam War crossed the 17th parallel when U.S. Navy pilots on the aircraft carrier Ticonderoga flew low over the Gulf and attacked North Vietnamese naval installations.

 In the summer of 1964, some 56,000 Viet Cong spread their guerrilla war throughout South Vietnam. The guerrilla war was intensified by the resident North Vietnamese Army (NVA) influx via the Ho Chi Minh route. The Viet Cong were a front line force of independent groups and sympathizers allied together to wage an insurgency in South Vietnam. In reality, it was completely controlled by the North Vietnamese Communist Party and the North Vietnamese People's Army (PAVN). The Viet Cong, the communist fighters of North Vietnam, attacked the guerrillas. Viet Cong ambushes often involved hit-and-run ambushes in which they would ambush American soldiers and flee before being captured. They disguised themselves as civilians and local farmers to carry out guerrilla attacks.

　From about 5,000 Viet Cong in early 1959, the number grew to about 100,000 by the end of 1964. The number of infiltrators in South Vietnam alone was estimated at about 41,000. The expansion of the insurgency reflected not only the amount of North Vietnamese personnel and weapons, but also the inability of South Vietnam to maintain a porous border, the inability of South Vietnam to weaken local Viet Cong influence, and the difficulty of South Vietnamese forces to reduce Viet Cong bases and secret zones over the years. 

The corpses of many Japanese soldiers who were killed in a roundup on June 25, 1944, were scattered just in front of the caterpillars of a huge, powerful American tank during the Battle of Saipan in the Pacific War.

In the Battle of Saipan in the Pacific War, the corpses of many Japanese soldiers who were killed in one fell swoop on June 25, 1944, lay scattered just in front of the caterpillars of a huge, powerful American tank. By that time, the General Staff in Tokyo had already decided to abandon and annihilate the island of Saipan. Unaware that they would be abandoned and annihilated, Japanese soldiers were massively abused and massacred as they charged at the American forces.

　The U.S. Army landed on Saipan Island on June 15, 1944, and from June 19 to 20, 1944, the Battle of Leyte off the Marianas and Palau Islands broke out between the Imperial Japanese Navy and the U.S. Navy, with the Imperial Japanese Navy suffering heavy losses of about three aircraft carriers and 395 fighter planes. Then, cut off from supplies and reinforcements and cornered, the Japanese forces hid in a cluster of caves scattered around Mount Tapocho in the heart of the mountainous region north of Saipan. The rest of the mountainous area was open farmland, planted with sugar cane and inhabited by residents. Even more unfortunate families could not enter the caves and holes to hide. The trapped Japanese soldiers and about 10,000 Saipan residents were trapped in the northern part of Saipan. Holed up in crude trenches, the Japanese soldiers were massively abused and massacred, with American soldiers furiously firing artillery, throwing grenades and other weapons, and violently sweeping in with machine guns and flamethrowers.

　In the early morning hours of July 7, thousands of Japanese troops attacked the American forces in a last desperate Banzai charge. On July 9, American forces completely occupied Saipan. In the days that followed, American soldiers could only watch helplessly as hundreds of Japanese civilians committed mass suicide by jumping from the cliffs north of Saipan. The casualty toll on Saipan was about 41,244 of all Japanese soldiers massacred, with only about 1,000 surviving to become prisoners of war. About 3,441 American soldiers were killed in action and about 13,000 were wounded in battle. The U.S. forces sent B-29 bombers to and from Saipan Island within range of the Japanese mainland.

Enemy Casualties :These paratroops of the 12th Parachute Regiment were found to be dead on the slopes of Monte Altuzzo.

On the Italian front in World War II, the Gothic Line, renamed the Green Line in June 1944 in northern Italy, was the last major defensive line in northern Italy for the Germans. On the night of September 14, the Germans found and traced a telephone line on the lower slopes of the 782 highlands, which led to a ridge on the west side. The reconnaissance party found the bodies of American soldiers killed and killed in action by the Germans on September 15. A check of the bunkers near the top of the western peak revealed no dead German soldiers, and by the time the 926 Highlands were taken, American soldiers had encountered heavy German crossfire as they invaded the main ridge. 

　Reaching the top of the 926 Heights at the Gothic Line, the American platoon was positioned near the top of the southern slope of the 926 Heights, even though it was considerably understrength. At the start of the invasion, the regiment was replenished with about 40 men, but lacked meticulous maps and intelligence; on September 14, 1944, a German artillery barrage wounded an American officer with a shell fragment. The German defensive line was under cover, and on September 15, from a point halfway to the top of the Altuzzo Ridge, we came under renewed attack from the Germans, and during the night of September 15 to 16, we bore the brunt of their fire. A scouting party was sent to reconnoiter about 350 to 450 meters ahead of the front line.

　Due to the American losses in casualties and neurasthenia patients, the platoon was greatly outnumbered; three days of fighting had reduced its effective strength by almost half and led the platoon to the western ridge on September 14; on the morning of September 16, the platoon invaded the southwestern slopes of the 782nd Plateau to a small flat about 35 meters below the barbed wire. They were attacked by German mortars, but suffered no casualties. A few minutes before the attack began, German soldiers also opened fire on an American outpost from an outpost on the southwest slope of the 782nd Highland ridge. The American soldiers in front withdrew a short distance down the hill. The outpost passed over the plain, crossed the barbed wire fence, and hid in the bushes to look up the ridge. They spotted a German soldier, put his rifle to his shoulder, and opened fire. The other German soldiers on the slope above returned fire with rifles.

 　The smoke blocked the observation of the Germans from the top of the mountain. American troops crossed the barbed wire fence through a gap cut by an earlier attack, and several infantry soldiers were killed on the right flank. Equipment was scattered near the tangle, and several German snipers in a trench near the ridge of the 782nd Parallel opened fire. A German bullet pierced an American soldier in the left rib. He fired back at the Germans for their attack. An Italian soldier on the upper slope surrendered. A barrage of grenades was launched from the slope, and a machine gun was fired from the right front near the ridge line. An American soldier threw a grenade up the slope toward the Germans. One German soldier was spotted in the bushes ahead and fired at point blank range. 5 German soldiers were flushed out and surrendered. the German machine gun, hastily positioned on the ridge line south of the 782 highlands, fired only once and retreated over the ridge. In the brief firefight, two German soldiers were killed, six were taken prisoner, and one American squad was wounded. 

A Japanese soldier, the older brother of a family demobilized to Japan after the war, wept as his younger siblings embraced him. Approximately 3.96 million people in the interior and 3.65 million people in the exterior were demobilized.

Japan's acceptance of the Potsdam Declaration on August 15, 1945 ended the Pacific War with its defeat. The Japanese mainland was reduced to ruins. The surviving Japanese soldiers were demobilized from overseas starting August 23. According to army and navy documents, about 3.96 million were in the interior and 3.65 million in the exterior. On December 1, the Ministry of the Army and the Ministry of the Navy were reorganized as the First and Second Demobilization Ministries to conduct demobilization operations. On December 1, the Army and Navy Departments were reorganized as the First and Second Demobilization Departments, and demobilization services were conducted. During the repatriation, some of the war dead and those who died en route returned with their cremated remains.

　The younger brothers and sisters clung to and wailed for the Japanese soldier who had been the older brother of their demobilized family. The demobilization of a large number of Japanese soldiers at once led to new cases of starvation and unemployment. The Japanese soldiers returned to their families and homes and sought to live the human life of the past. However, there were many fathers and husbands who were killed or wounded in the war and could never return. Demobilized from overseas were not only men, but also women who were exposed to atomic bombs on the mainland, Okinawan women who were caught up in the Battle of Okinawa, women who emigrated overseas and were repatriated, and about 280,000 war widows, unreturned women, and women volunteers who worked during the war. The war was liberated on August 15, 1945.

　The demobilization of Japanese soldiers was given priority and they were repatriated from overseas by October 1945. Citizens who did not belong to any organization experienced hardship and tragedy in the repatriation. They were repatriated with the remains of their relatives in their arms. The repatriation from China did not take place until September 1951, when diplomatic relations were restored after the San Francisco Peace Accords. Under an agreement between the Red Cross Society of China and Japanese organizations, about 34,880 people were repatriated 21 times, from the Heung-an Maru and Takasago Maru on March 23, 1953, to the Hakusan Maru on July 13, 1958.

　The repatriation south of the 38th parallel was completed by about May 1946, with about 900,000 people living on the Korean peninsula. Japanese soldiers north of the 38th parallel were repatriated to the Soviet Union, and about 575,000 were interned in Siberia. About 320,000 Sakhalin survivors were occupied by the Soviet Union and returned by 1958. Repatriation to Siberia for forced labor began in December 1946 with the U.S.-Soviet agreement; suspended in April 1950 with war criminals remaining; resumed in November 1953 with the Red Cross agreement; all war criminals released in October 1956 with the Soviet-Japanese Joint Periodic Declaration.

　Repatriates from Southeast Asia, the Pacific, Taiwan, and other parts of the South returned home by the end of 1948. This was about 23% of all repatriates, and the number of demobilized people reached about 1.8 million. Repatriation from the Philippines, Southeast Asia, and Vietnam continued until around 1960.

 

During seige of Leningrad, the Dead bodies were scattered on the corner of Nevsky Prospekt and Ligovka after German artillery fire in autumn 1941.

 Bodies are scattered in the Ligovka area of Nevsky Boulevard in Leningrad after being shelled by Nazi German troops on October 25, 1941. A large number of civilians were killed in Leningrad, victims of German shelling.

　The actual death toll from the Nazi attacks reached 800,000, equivalent to one-third of the population of Leningrad. The Nazi bombardment of Leningrad began on September 4, 1941, and continued until January 22, 1944. Starting on September 4, 1941, Leningrad was subjected to the first shelling from the flank of the German-occupied city of Tosno. German artillery shells burst into a heap of dead and wounded, mostly women and children, scattered on the cobblestone pavement, moaning and crying. On some of the walls on the north side of Nevsky Boulevard, a sign read, "Citizens! During shelling, this side of the street is most dangerous", warning passersby that this was the area most at risk of German shelling, were placed on the north and northeast sides of the street.

　Nazi German forces launched Operation Barbarossa against the Soviet Union on September 8, 1941, completely encircling the city of Leningrad three months later. Three months later, the city of Leningrad was completely surrounded. The city, then called Leningrad, was besieged by Nazi German and Finnish forces for about four years. The Finnish army rejected the German plea for an aerial attack on Leningrad. Due to the extremely cold winter and starvation, people were dying in the streets, and citizens soon found the sidewalks littered with bodies lying on the ground. Dead bodies are scattered at the corner of Nevsky Street and Ligovka in Leningrad after being bombarded by Nazi German troops on October 25, 1941. The Nazi Germans destroyed most of the food supply through air raids. It was estimated that a maximum of about 2 million people died and a minimum of 600,000. Of the approximately 3 million inhabitants, about 700,000 survived.

Masao Tsuzuki and his colleagues took the Manhattan District survey team of the U.S. Army's Atomic Bomb Survey to Ohno Army Hospital to explain the damage and A-bomb diseases to the survivors of the Hiroshima atomic bombing.

アメリカ軍の原子爆弾調査団と東京大学の都築正男らは、広島県の大野陸軍病院(現在の廿日市市宮浜温泉)で1945年9月11日に現子爆弾に被爆して生存した被爆者と被害状況を実体調査をした。都築正男らは大野陸軍病院をアメリカ軍の原爆調査団のマンハッタン管区調査団を案内して、被爆者とに被害状況と原爆症を説明した。毎日新聞は1945年年8月31日に毎日新聞が、その他の原子爆弾による被害と被爆者の原爆症を8月31日に公表した。広島、長崎に投下された恐るべき原子爆弾の残虐性を暴露した。この度わが国医学界の手で新たに病理学的立場からその悪鬼無残の真相が究明されるに至った。戦時体制期，広島陸軍病院は基町に第一分院と第二分院，その他に江波・三滝・大野分院を開設した。1945年6月には，本土決戦に備え広島臨時第一陸軍病院，広島臨時第二陸軍病院，大野陸軍病院の三病院体制を設置した。

直後の9月19日から連合軍総司令部(GHQ)が、日本の報道や出版物を検閲して、原子爆弾の報道は9月19日にGHQが、全面的に原子爆弾の資料を検閲して禁止する直前に、9月19日直後に毎日新聞が正式に公表した。9月17日の枕崎台風の大津波で大野陸軍病院が直撃されて、京都大学の調査調査団が約156人死亡した。災害後に陸軍陸軍病院は閉鎖となり、被害状況の資料はすべて喪失して頓挫した。本事件は朝日新聞が原子爆弾でアメリカを批判したGHQのプレスコードにより、9月16日と20日の新聞の発行が止められて、京都大学の事件は、ながい間一般に知られなかった。

　広島と長崎に原子爆弾が投下されて炸裂した直後から、原子爆弾の被害状況と被爆死やの実体が、次第に日本のマスコミから公表された。都築正男らとアメリカ軍の原子爆弾調査団が広島に出入りして、原子爆弾に被爆した被爆者の原爆症の資料はすべてアメリカ軍がアメリカ本国に持ち去ったむ加えて9月19日にプレスコードが敷かれ、原爆の実相は長きにわたって封印された。日本の医学界とマスコミの敗北であった。プレスコード（Press Code for Japan[）は、太平洋戦争の終結後の連合国軍占領下の日本にて、連合国軍最高司令官総司令部（GHQ）によって、新聞などの報道機関を統制する規則であり、検閲が措置された。9月15日付の朝日新聞は、正義は力なりを標榜するアメリカ米国である以上、原子爆弾の使用や無辜の国民殺傷が、病院船攻撃や毒ガス使用以上の国際法違反や戦争犯罪を否むことは出来ないと鳩山一郎の談話が掲載された。

The January 28 Incident was a short war between the armies of the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan, called the Shanghai War of 1932 or, more simply or the Shanghai Incident.

In the Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese Army and the Chinese Revolutionary Army clashed in the Shanghai First Incident (January 28 Incident) at Daba Town in Baoshan District, Shanghai on February 25, 1938. According to the advance army mobilization plan, the Japanese mobilized a large army and a large number of horses to Daba Town in Shanghai. In Shanghai's Daba Town, the corpse of a young Chinese soldier killed by Japanese soldiers was found lying in a trench. On March 1, 1932, after a fierce battle, the Japanese occupied the Chinese position in Daba Town.

　Immediately after the Manchurian Incident, fighting broke out between Japanese and Chinese troops in parts of Shanghai in the First Shanghai Incident. The Japanese suppressed the anti-Japanese movement of the Chinese army toward the establishment of Manchukuo. Manipulating the Chinese in Shanghai, on January 18, 1932, they attacked Japanese monks and others, killing one and wounding two. It sparked a conflict in Shanghai, which became the center of the anti-Japanese movement. The massacre ended when the Chinese military's Shanghai unit accepted the Japanese military's request for suppression.

　Immediately, Japanese troops landed in the Japanese concession in Shanghai and clashed with Chinese troops on January 28. The elite of the Chinese side, the 19th Route Army, took advantage of the terrain in the northwestern suburbs from downtown Shanghai, and the Japanese troops fell on hard times. The Imperial Japanese Army rapidly increased the number of Japanese child troops and fierce battles broke out with the Chinese forces. The concessions of the Western countries mixed in Shanghai, the Yugoslavia, the United States and France, advised the Japanese and Chinese forces to call a truce. In order to avoid the intervention of the League of Nations, which was established after World War I, Japanese forces occupied the strong Chinese position of Daba Town on March 1, 1932, just before the general assembly of the League of Nations. On March 3, the Chinese army's 19th Route Army retreated and retreated, ending the First Shanghai Incident. On May 5, the Japanese army and the Chinese army On May 5, the Japanese signed a ceasefire agreement with the Chinese.

　On May 5, the Japanese army signed a ceasefire agreement with the Chinese army, and the Japanese army withdrew from Shanghai to Manchuria. During this time, on March 1, 1933, Manchukuo was founded and inaugurated. With the founding of Manchukuo, the anti-Japanese movement of the Chinese military and Western countries sharply increased their threats against the Japanese military. In the Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese people honored the suicide bombing attack by Japanese soldiers at the Battle of Miao Xingzhen as the three heroes of the bombing. On April 29, when the Japanese and Chinese armies had agreed to a ceasefire, the anti-Japanese movement by the Koreans intensified when Yoon Bong-gil, a Korean, used a bomb to kill the Japanese commander in Shanghai and injure the Chinese minister, Shigemitsu Aoi.

Japanese military and police searchers found the white bones of a Japanese corpse that had died a horrible and gruesome death on the way to Hetuan Mountain in Taiwan.

A Japanese military and police expedition has discovered the white bones of Japanese corpses who had died horribly and savagely on the way to Hetuanshan Mountain in Taiwan. around March 1913, a force of Japanese engineers had been attacked on their way to the summit of Hetuanshan Mountain in Taiwan. A Japanese expedition team found the lifeless bones of about 40 Japanese engineers on the way to Hetuanshan. The Japanese expedition team looked over the tragic remains of the dead bodies, which were scattered on the green grass and there was no trace of them.

　The defeat of Taiwan in the Hsinchu area in accordance with the Taiwan strategy from around 1913 was initially carried out by the Japanese police force. A series of uprisings occurred among the aborigines in the direction of Seongran, at Keitou and in Taiwan in the South Sea. The situation of the Japanese police force became critical. From that point on, Japanese troops hurriedly invaded Taiwan on a mission to clean up these rebellious Taiwanese. The Japanese troops concentrated their main forces on the muddy waters and rivers of Xuanlian, Taiwan. The Japanese police force cooperated with the Japanese forces to defeat the Taiwanese. The two armies were unopposed against the Taiwanese people, and they overran the rugged peaks of the Central Mountain Range by striking the rugged points of Gaogan. The Japanese troops were able to close in on the Kinabalu area, and then linked up with the Japanese police forces in Hsinchu and Taoyuan. The defeat of the planned area was completed. In addition, Japanese troops in Taiwan also advanced to the Sikayab-Saola area and brought the Taiwanese aborigines to their knees. During the 60 days of fighting, both the Japanese army and the Japanese police force worked together to subdue the Taiwanese people in about 80 areas. They seized weapons and other items belonging to the Taiwanese aborigines and conquered most of the Taiwanese aborigines in the north.

　In 1914, the Truku War broke out from May 17, 1914 to August 28, 1914. It was the largest battle ever fought on the island. The Japanese army and police forces overran about 80 areas of ethnic Taiwan. They seized weapons and other items from Taiwanese natives and conquered most of the Taiwanese natives in the north. In the battle for Taiwan, which was leveled by the Japanese army and police forces, the Japanese lost 364 of their 13,335 soldiers, and the number of casualties among the 2,350 to 3,000 Taroko youths unknown. 

Wounded partisans are dragged and massacred to death by Nazi German Army at Poland during World War II.

In Poland during World War II, partisans wounded in the bombing and destruction of Nazi German railroad lines were run over by armored cars and massacred. The corpses of the partisans, strapped to the armored cars, were dragged around over the wilderness to repeat the abuse and massacre of the partisans.

　In World War II, the struggle to block Nazi Germany's lines of communication, transport, and supply became the focus of partisan guerrilla warfare. The guerrillas were outnumbered and outgunned by the Nazi German army in terms of numbers, equipment, supply, and means of communication. The partisan guerrillas did not fight in the field, but attacked places of threat by surprise. Partisans could not stand up to the Nazi Germans in a battle in all occupied territories. Partisan guerrilla tactics gradually turned into an armed uprising. Armed uprisings broke out before the final liberation. For example, the Yugoslav People's Liberation Army operated under fascist occupation and was supported by meager partisan forces. After the partisans became a mass movement, they engaged in armed uprising with the occupying forces.

　The partisans quickly fled from the pursuit of the Germans by cutting off Nazi German lines of communication and liaison. Citizens in the occupied territories repeatedly rose up and blocked communication lines. Nazi German troops frequently attacked all occupied territories in Europe, especially in the Soviet Union. The supply of weapons, ammunition, and food, the redeployment of troops, and the mobility of the armed forces were all affected, especially the connection and securing of railroads and roads. The destruction of contact networks increased sharply from 1942 to 1944. Supply and transport to the front was the most destroyed, with Soviet partisans blowing up and damaging railroad lines.

　In the occupied territories of Europe during World War II, railroad disruptions broke out even before the Nazi German invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, shortly after the formation of the partisans. In the Soviet Union, in 1943, the partisan leaders officially called it the "railroad war". In modern warfare, which involves the expansion of huge territories, the deployment of millions of troops, and the use of countless weapons, transportation and communication systems played an important role. Millions of soldiers needed to be fed, clothed, armed, and otherwise equipped for war. New weapons and troops were always needed in war, and the rail and road network became a lifeline. Especially in World War II, it was mostly a war of transportation, with thousands of kilometers of fronts and battlefields in most parts of Europe. In World War II, especially on the Eastern Front, any temporary interruption or stoppage of lifelines led to chaos in the war and the collapse of armies. 

American Troops advanced past a dead Japanese soldier sprawled out in the street in the district of Paco in Manilla, on February 12, 1945. By 22 February the Japanese were forced back into the small are of the walled city.

U.S. soldiers advance past the scattered bodies of Japanese soldiers who were swept up and killed in the Paco district on Feb. 12, 1945, during the Battle of Manila in the Pacific War. American troops continued to fight from house to house and street to street to clean up the Japanese forces in Manila. There were many enemy strongholds in the city of Manila, but by February 22, the Japanese were driven back into the small walled city.

　American troops returned to the Philippines on January 9, 1945, and landed on the shores of Lingayen Gulf. They invaded about 100 miles to the south to liberate Manila. The Japanese forces split up and also fought a long war in the forests and jungles of Luzon. To defend the capital city, Manila, to the death, the Japanese dispersed about 17,000 Japanese soldiers to the north, central and south of Manila. They defended the high walled citadel and fortified city. The buildings were blocked to make the advance more difficult. They built staggered walls through corridors, leaving gaps for grenades.

　American troops occupied Manila as they surrounded it. Manila was fortified and the trapped citizens of Manila were in chaos. at 6:35 p.m. on February 3, American troops rolled into Santo Tomas, Manila, to prepare for the liberation of Manila. The Japanese, however, began their systematic destruction of the city later that day. Incendiary bombs went all around the districts north of the Pasig River, setting fire to buildings and blowing them up. They blew up all the bridges over the Pasig River that divided the city. After destroying the northern districts, they crossed the river and retreated to central Manila. The American troops crossed the Pasig River and began a bloody urban battle. They invaded district by district, but were blocked by intersection defenses and blew up adjacent buildings to attack the rear. The Japanese sniped and dropped Molotov cocktails from the upper floors of the fortified buildings. American troops plunged into the rubble, blasting the upper floors with artillery. The tragic suicide bombing broke out in Rizal Hall at the University of the Philippines. The American troops hid the contents for the night. At about 1:30 a.m. that night, we heard the Japanese troops singing for about 45 minutes. Finally, I heard singing and loud shouting, followed immediately by the sound of several grenade explosions. The destroyed buildings were littered with the bodies of about 77 Japanese soldiers who committed suicide the next morning.

　American troops crossed the Pasig River and suffered heavy casualties, followed by indiscriminate shelling. The Americans fired more than 42,000 rounds of artillery shells and mortars. Manila was destroyed from within and without. By February 9, American troops had crossed the river and swept into the center of Manila, destroying fortifications in the south. It evolved into the mass abuse and genocide of World War II. Dozens of atrocities occurred in Manila. Violence against civilians shifted from guerrilla attacks to systematic mass killings. Some 27 major atrocities occurred in the city of Manila and hundreds of atrocities throughout the Philippines. In addition to taking bullets from Japanese troops, they threw Akabo into the air and skewered him with bayonets, decapitated hundreds with Japanese swords, and burned thousands alive. They attacked the Red Cross headquarters, shooting and bayoneting more than 50 civilians, including two live infants. Burned to death about 500+ men, women and children inside a club. Forced hundreds of civilians into a cafeteria at St. Paul College and blew up a chandelier with explosives, killing about 360 people. They cut a hole in the floor of the second floor of a house on Singalong Street, forced blindfolded civilians to kneel on the floor, and cut off each person's head with a Japanese sword before kicking the bodies into the hole. War crimes investigators estimated that about 200 people had been killed by the skulls.　Japanese troops repeatedly raped and assaulted thousands of women, locking them in buildings. Indiscriminately, the Japanese slaughtered men and women, young and old, strong and weak, thousands of Filipinos, Russians, Spaniards, Germans, Indians, as well as the families of two Supreme Court justices, a senator, and several clergymen.

　By the morning of February 23, the Americans had driven the last Japanese troops into Intramuros and the surrounding buildings. The battle to retake the walled city began with a massive artillery barrage at 7:30 a.m., firing some 10,000 shells and mortars in an hour, an average of three shells per second, thunderous roars, no phone service, visual communication, and civilians trapped in the walled city. At 8:30 a.m., American troops stormed the walled city. Once inside, most of the survivors were women and children. According to the War Crimes Commission of Inquiry, the Japanese killed an estimated 4,000 Filipino soldiers inside the walled city of Manila. They were sealed in a dungeon and slaughtered in Fort Santiago, the last building to fall at noon on February 28. On March 3, 1945, 29 days after American troops landed in Manila, the Battle of Manila finally came to an end. Some 16,665 Japanese soldiers died in the battle to retake the Philippine capital. American troops had about 1,010 dead and 5,565 wounded. Civilian casualties were estimated at about 100,000.  

Most of North Korean head blown away by a Marine bullet gripped his cans of ammunition and crawl over the dead man for anything he ever had to do again in warfare.

A young North Korean soldier who was killed by an American bullet that blew off most of his head was clutching a can of ammunition as he crawled. The American soldiers quickly confirmed that the several North Korean soldiers they had shot and killed were indeed killed in action or seriously wounded. Even as guns blazed over the bodies of the lying North Koreans, American troops jumped over them, stood up and charged toward the North Korean fire. in early September 1950, on the flanking hills and fields around Pusan, the North Koreans still mounted machine guns, and the burst of bullets from the ridge ahead echoed to American troops on the road. The American soldiers in the lead continued their invasion, leaning against steel tanks. A chunk of the tank's armor shattered as it passed the road where the North Korean attack was heaviest.
  North Korean machine guns were firing, and many young, inexperienced American soldiers were easily sent home as they were shot at by the North Koreans with live ammunition in battle. They jumped into the rice fields along the road and escaped the North Korean fire. The American troops stopped and orders were given to invade the surrounding hills. Instead of digging trenches, the order was given to charge toward the ridge. Concise orders were relayed to the troops from the US command post to charge forward. We were in the tricky position of leading the attack on the North Korean forces ahead of us. The North Korean troops, waiting quietly, were well aware of the area leading up to the bloody summit, which was almost treeless. Hidden behind a few hills and farmhouse ditches, the North Koreans waited for the moment when they would be in sniper range of the American soldiers still moving along the rugged ridge. Instantly, the silence was broken forever. The machine guns of the North Korean troops along the ridge in front of them fired in unison. American soldiers crawled on their bellies to fire, waiting for the order to attack. The storm brought the clouds low over the hills and heavy rain poured down. Visibility was getting worse and worse, and the radio was not working.
  The North Korean troops had already begun to run through the valley below and up the slope in front of the hill, aiming for the top. The North Koreans' machine guns and mortars fired everywhere. One by one, American troops crawled on their bellies and threw grenades, firing at the North Koreans who pressed in at their elbows.
 The American soldiers got up and fired more grenades into the cotton fields on the mountaintop and over the mountaintop into the valley below. They began a final thrust to take the crest of the hill and were forced into a position where they could not retreat on the order to charge. Gari calmly walked up and down along the crest of the hill, meticulously positioning each of his men.
  A machine gun bullet pierced the chest of an American sergeant and knocked him into the mud. He was dragged across the slope and placed on a rough poncho over a dead body. Some were shot in the lower legs and battalion, some in the arms and shoulders, and some in the head, dying instantly. The rain fell harder and harder, the clouds lowered further and further, and it became like night. After the third infantry attack by the Americans, the heavily damaged North Korean troops withdrew. Every discarded weapon was pointed at the top of the hill. Mortars exploded all over the position, and a shot from a North Korean machine gun struck an American soldier in the abdomen, and when he was half-awake, the last shot hit him again in the chest, spinning him into a cotton field, a corpse that could never move again.
  As the American troops began to retreat, a bomb from a North Korean mortar fell directly on top of him. The bodies were filled with bomb fragments and the medics covered the wounds with bandages. The wounded were escorted to the ambulance. The war dead were carried to the slope for burial. When the burial was over and they were back on the hill again, they waited to see if they or their comrades were alive or dead. Instead of American troops attacking the North Korean army, they might be ambushed around the next ridge. The Korean War was no longer an issue to be discussed passionately at meal times; it had become mass abuse and genocide.

 

 

To form a buffer zone between China proper and Japanese-controlled Manchukuo, the Imperial Japanese Army invaded Jehol in Operation Nekka.

 From February 18, 1933, the Kwantung Army launched Operation Hot River as a new Manchukuo military operation to sweep the National Revolutionary Army from Hot River Province in western Manchuria. The Japanese troops invaded with tanks at the Old North Gate of Hot River Province. In the battle of Gubukou from April 21 to April 30, the Kwantung Army suffered about 74 dead and 232 wounded in battle. On January 13, 1933, the Japanese government allowed the Kwantung Army to operate under the condition that it did not cross the border north of the Great Wall of China; on May 31, the Kwantung Army signed the Tanggu Agreement, which gave the Chinese Revolutionary Army's tacit consent to the occupation of northeastern China by the Manchurian Incident.
　On March 1, 1932, they declared the establishment of the Manchukuo State, with Puyi as the regent of the Manchukuo State, which was puppeted by the Kwantung Army. The Kanto Army recognized that the province of Hot River was part of Manchukuo. However, in early February 1933, when Operation Hot River broke out, the League of Nations prepared a resolution condemning the new military action in Hot River Province by the Kwantung Army. The League of Nations' draft recommendation of condemnation denied the occupation of Manchukuo, leading to Japan being subjected to international economic sanctions according to the League Covenant. the draft recommendation that was voted on at the League of Nations General Assembly on February 24, 1933 did not recognize the establishment of Manchukuo, and denounced Japan's war responsibility after the Manchurian Incident. The result of the vote was that 42 countries voted in favor, only one country (Japan) voted against, and one country (Siam, later Thailand) abstained. The Japanese delegation to the UN immediately rejected the recommendation of condemnation and withdrew from the venue, and the Japanese government officially decided to withdraw from the League of Nations on March 27, 1933. By withdrawing from the League of Nations, Japan avoided economic sanctions based on the League Covenant, but became isolated internationally.
　At the time of the Manchurian Incident, the Japanese government exalted its national prestige while praising the Kwantung Army; it greeted the UN delegation that returned to Japan on April 27th as heroes and honored its isolation in the international community. The Japanese government of the Meiji era adhered to international norms, but since the early Showa era, it has prioritized Japan's wealth and military power over international cooperation. The invasion of Hot River Province by the Kanto Army was a dangerous starting point that led to a major crisis that connected the withdrawal from the League of Nations to the Pacific War.

 

 

Hiroshima Atomic Bombing stripped the hospital with even window frames blown out , where was soon put to use again to shelter its surviving patients on lower floor as army took over above.

The building had been blown out, as well as most of the window frames, by the explosion of the Hiroshima atomic bomb. Immediately the army occupied and used the upper floors of the building first. The lower floors were then immediately used again as a first aid station to evacuate the surviving survivors of the bombing in Hiroshima City to the lower floors for rescue (Life, July 29, 1952, Vol. 33, pp. 19-25, No. 13, Time Publishing Co.) For the first time overseas, Life magazine published 14 atomic bomb photos of Hiroshima and Nagasaki that had not been censored by the US military. The uncensored photos show atomic bombing through victims' eyes, the perspective of a photographer who sees the tragedy of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki as a threat to the world from the United States, the country that dropped the bombs.

　The photographers who photographed the Hiroshima bombing witnessed more tragedies than could be captured in a photograph. In aid stations, they captured the stunned faces of burned children. In the few buildings that remained, we moved cautiously through the dead bodies on each floor of the first aid room. But the sight of the worst of the hibakusha is not well documented in photographs." One photographer explained, "I tried to click the shutter many times, but the victims begged for mercy." It was too cruel, too inhuman, to ignore the hibakusha's pleas for help. If I had known it was an atomic bomb, I wouldn't have thought to take pictures," he said.

　The Japanese government estimated, as the photographer saw it, that some 260,000 people were killed, 163,263 injured or missing, an area of about 13.2 km2 destroyed, and 63,431 buildings destroyed. Although this was an enormous amount of damage and sacrifice from the bombing, it was estimated to be a statistically acceptable figure. However, it could hardly be assumed at the time that this was the result of the momentary explosion of the Hiroshima atomic bomb on August 6, 1945, as explained in the book "A-bomb Dai-ichi_Hiroshima no Keisatsu Kiroku" (Asahi Press), a book on the Hiroshima atomic bomb published and released on August 14, 1952. In the book, "Atomic Bomb No. 1: Hiroshima no Keisatsu Kiroku" (Asahi Press), a book on the Hiroshima atomic bombing that was released after the bombing, there is an explanation. A strange light suddenly flashed in the center of the city of Hiroshima. At that moment, the citizens of Hiroshima plunged their fingers in their ears, closed their eyes, and fell to the ground. As if the whole world had been blown to pieces, the huge explosion of the Hiroshima atomic bomb shook the earth and the sky. Its radiant heat was a thousand times that of the sun. Iron poles were twisted like tawashi. From about 10:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m., the entire city of Hiroshima was engulfed in flames. The poor hibakusha, thirsty and dehydrated, begged for water, but there was none to be had. 

Taksim Square massacre in Turkey: after a demonstration of the left wing of the trade unions during which their demonstrators were murdered by snipers, Istanbul, May 1, 1977.

About 500,000 workers and other Turkish citizens gathered in Taksim Square in Istanbul, the capital of Turkey, for May Day on the holiday of May 1, 1977, which was International Workers' Day. Suddenly, bullets began to be fired from sniper rifles from the rooftops of high-rise buildings in the area. About 34 people were killed and 126 were wounded in the Taksim district that day. Nearly 2,000 rounds were fired in the massacre, and five people were killed by gunshot wounds. The abuses and massacres were referred to as the Taksim Square massacre and Bloody 1 May 1977.

　About 28 of the 34 people who died were crushed to death by the panicked crowd of comrades. A crowd attempting to flee down Kazançi Hill, the nearest exit from Taksim Square, had their escape route blocked by armored vehicles of the security forces. To further frighten the Turkish citizens, they again made noise with sirens and explosives, and sprayed them with pressurized water. About 25 of them were crushed and crushed to death on the Kazanç hill. Others died after being attacked and run over by armored vehicles of the security forces.

　More than 500 protesters were detained by the security forces, and about 98 of them were put on trial. The court indictment charged that the purpose of the demonstration was to "cause intimidation, fear and panic among the people. However, none of the perpetrators were caught and disappeared. Right-wing groups associated with the Counter-Guerrilla were suspected, but records were lost of about 20 snipers who were detained by security forces and handed over to the police.

　The Revolutionary Trade Union Confederation (DISK) held a May Day demonstration in Istanbul's Taksim Square on May 1, 1977. Demonstrators filled the square and crowds streamed into the surrounding areas. By the time the president gave his May Day speech, all the roads leading to the area were filled with marchers. It was almost 7:00 PM when the last group of people arrived in Taksim district.

 As the DISK chairman finished his speech, about three gunshots rang out. Immediately after the silence, the crowd of about 500,000 people fell into a state of panic and chaos. From the high-rise buildings around the conference center, automatic weapons showered the crowd with bullets. Armored vehicles of the security forces were dispatched, and with noise bombs and automatic weapons firing, the meeting place suddenly turned into a battlefield. Thousands of people lay on the ground, and those who fled were pushed into corners and crushed by armored vehicles. In addition, automatic weapons were pointed at thousands of people fleeing the hills of Kazanchi. A truck parked in the middle of the narrow road blocked the way. The fleeing people pushed and shoved each other, overlapping each other, and many of them suffocated or were crushed to death. The massacre caused a huge shock to the press in Turkey and around the world. About 36 people were killed, hundreds were injured, and about 453 were arrested.

 According to the evidence presented in the courtroom of the trial, the police indicted about 98 people, arrested indiscriminately, as responsible for the massacre. None of them were implicated and all were acquitted. The presiding judge called on the authorities to reopen the investigation and prosecute those truly responsible, but successive governments, led by the military, suppressed the case. on May 7, 1977, Brent Ecevit, who would later become prime minister, drew attention when he said at a meeting in Izmir that the May 1 bloodbath had anti-guerrilla fingers. Under Article 102 of the Turkish Criminal Code (TCK), the case was extinguished by prescription when 20 years had passed. The massacre case was deliberately extinguished by the statute of limitations. Turkey has since commemorated this incident on May 1, but did not allow Taksim Square to be used for May Day after 1977. after the Turkish military coup of September 12, 1980, a military government was established and the May Day movement was banned for about eight years.

The funeral procession over the body of the slaughtered Palestinian husband paused in front of his wife. His wife walked up to the body, put her hands on his face and kissed his forehead.

One of the senior members of Fatah, the mainstream faction of the PLO (Palestine Liberation Organization), was assassinated by an Israeli planted bomb. The funeral of the Palestinian victim was held in January 2002 in Tulkarem, Nablus in the West Bank. A crowd of Palestinians gathered for the funeral and prayed for the repose of their souls in the Islamic faith. A funeral procession carrying the body of a slaughtered Palestinian youth paused in front of his wife. The body that was being carried was slowly lowered in front of the wife. The wife walked over to her husband's body. For a final farewell, she put her hands on his face and kissed his forehead. According to Islamic custom, wives are not allowed to attend the burial of their husbands, so this was the last goodbye kiss. The couple had two children together, and he was their father.

　The West Bank in Palestine was home to a population of about three million people. In Tulkarem, in the Nablus district of the West Bank, there was also a mixture of white buildings of the gradually proliferating Jewish settlers. Surrounded by Israeli troops, passage through the area is subject to strict Israeli checkpoints. The conflict has resulted in several Palestinian casualties. Shortly thereafter, in retaliation for the conflict, Fatah killed six Jewish youths at a coming-of-age party in West Jerusalem when four deadly Hamas soldiers opened fire with automatic weapons. In retaliation, the Israeli army heavily bombed Tulkarem and blocked the main road with tanks. One by one, Palestinian children threw stones at the tanks. Allahu Akbar! Death to the Zionists! Retaliate against Israel! They shouted.

　Palestinians have been raised in conflict since birth. These same Palestinians have been killed by Israeli bombs and gunfire. We have seen too much death. Both sides have repeatedly launched retaliatory attacks. The Israeli army suspects that Hamas soldiers are hiding in the area, and homes are collapsing all over the place, leaving only piles of rubble. Children have vowed to take revenge by blowing themselves up in a martyred holy war next.The number of Palestinian refugees in 2020 was about 6.29 million, distributed among about 1.06 million in the West Bank, 1.62 million in the Gaza Strip, 2.42 million in Jordan, 650,000 in Syria, and 540,000 in Lebanon.

　Hamas, a radical terrorist organization, was founded in 1987 during the outbreak of the Intifida, a popular uprising movement of Palestinians. It was derived from the Muslim Brotherhood, a Sunni Islamic fundamentalist organization in Egypt. Hamas opposed the flexible line of the mainstream Palestinian PLO. It dared to carry out suicide bombing operations as a jihad, a holy war against Israel. In recent years, the number of Hamas supporters has been increasing in Palestine.

　The dictatorship and pollution by Fatah, the mainstream PLO, has been antagonized by the Palestinian population. Foreign aid is stagnating only to PLO officials. Pama's support for Palestinians living in impoverished areas has been particularly strong among the poor. Both sides, however, have exacerbated the conflict with Israel.

　In 2005, Israel withdrew from the Gaza Strip and sealed off the area; when Hamas took control of the Gaza Strip in 2006, it sealed it off completely. When Hamas took control of the Gaza Strip in 2006, it sealed it off completely, and if there was a military conflict, Hamas launched rocket attacks. In May 2018, the U.S. embassy was relocated from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem in a clash with the U.S. In an exchange of fierce attacks on May 12, 2021, about 30 people were killed in the Gaza Strip. About 30 people were killed and rockets were fired against Tel Aviv. 

 

 

Russians crowd around the heads of decapitated Manchurian men. Many in Manchuria were sympathetic to, or even pro the Japanese during the Russo-Japanese War those who made this public seldom retained possession of their heads.

In 1904, in northern Manchuria, the Russians executed many pro-Japanese Manchurians by decapitation and decapitation. Manchurian executioners requested by the Russians tied the rebellious residents with ropes around their bodies and arms, then cut off their heads and decapitated them. The Russians thought that by openly cutting off the heads of rebellious Manchus, they would be able to suppress any opposition to the Russians among the Manchus. Russian soldiers and Manchurians crowded around the decapitated bodies of Manchurians. During the Russo-Japanese War (Feb. 8, 1904-Sept. 5, 1905), many residents of Manchuria (present-day northeastern China) sympathized or even agreed with the Japanese army. The Manchu population, which had become openly pro-Japanese against the Russian forces, rarely held their heads. The peasants of Manchuria complained about Russian colonization during the Russo-Japanese War. The Russian imperial government sent a defeating expedition from the Russian Empire to the Manchuria region.

　From the latter half of the 19th century, Manchuria was caught up in the era of great expansion of Western colonies. The West, with its superior technology in arms, pressed China and Japan for unequal treaties and the opening of ports. Belonging to the Qing Dynasty in China, adjacent to the Korean peninsula, and blocked off from the Sea of Japan by a projection from Russia, Manchuria was not economically attractive and was not a target. The Russo-Japanese War was triggered by advances in transportation, including railroads and steam navigation. The natural environment of Manchuria favored the opening of ports in the central plains and the south. The decisive factor for the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese War was the concurrent colonial policy chosen by China, Japan and Russia. The combination of new conditions in Manchuria - the security principle of colonization and the peace regime with an armed and well-equipped army - drew it into the vortex of a severe war. In other words, it was a small recreation of the European military system from 1871 to 1914. Between colonialism, tradism and securityism were intertwined and geographically juxtaposed with overlapping interactions; it was the two Far Eastern wars, the Sino-Japanese War of 1894 and the Russo-Japanese War of 1904, that foreshadowed Europe's great wars after 1914.

　Russia's military colonization of the Far East was almost entirely confined to Manchuria. Colonization broke out in three stages in a short period of time under specific circumstances: 1896 (Trans-Manchurian Railway), 1898 (Lushun, Dalny, and South Manchurian Railway), and 1900 (diffuse occupation against Yihe Dan). In particular, after acquiring the leased land in Liaodong and Lushun, it became the terminus of the Trans-Siberian Railway and a naval base. Russia's military colonization of Manchuria built an infrastructure of fighting resources for Europe. To avoid the ice in winter, they chose Lushun over Vladivostok. Built and reinforced for military purposes, Manchuria's railroads and ports reinforced colonial rule as a transport and food resource. During the Russo-Japanese War, Japan and Russia were supposed to withdraw from Manchuria militarily after the conclusion of the Treaty of Portsmouth (September 1905), but Japan reopened the South Manchurian Railway in 1906, which became a source of economic conflict. The relationship between military resources and economic activities became Manchukuo due to Japanese colonization in 1931, and the garrison base of the Kwantung Army became the industrial base of the country.

US infantrymen on Angaur passed a Japanese casualty lying across the narrow gauge railroad of the island.Remaining groups of the enemy were holed up in the northwest part of the island.

American infantrymen at the Battle of Angaur in the Pacific War pass the corpses of Japanese soldiers lying on the island's narrow gauge railroad tracks. The remaining Japanese forces were holed up in the northwestern part of the island. Angaur was declared safe on September 20, 1944, but the fighting continued. It took about another four weeks or more before the Japanese completely cut off the resistance after a fierce meat-and-pound battle using flamethrowers, grenades, and explosives. Next, the Japanese forces, starving, thirsty, and damaged by American artillery and bombing, were annihilated in a final slashing assault on October 19. Of the approximately 10,000 American troops, the casualties were approximately 260 dead, 1,354 wounded, and 940 lost in non-combat roles. Japanese casualties were about 1,338 dead and 59 prisoners of war. The American casualties of about 2,560 outnumbered the Japanese casualties of about 1,397.
　The Battle of Angaur in the Pacific War broke out on Angaur Island in the Palau Islands from September 17 to September 30, 1944. Angaur Island is a small volcanic island about 4.8 km long, separated from Peleliu Island by a 9.7 km strait, which was suitable for the construction of an airstrip. It was located at the southernmost tip of the Palau Islands, about 800 km east of Mindanao. When it became apparent that the U.S. military was going to invade Palau, the Japanese military evacuated the civilian population and local residents from Angaur Island to the main island of Palau. About 180 young local men, along with Koreans, were sent to help the Japanese army as soldiers. American troops also landed on Angaur Island and were involved in the fighting, starting with the bombardment of the island by artillery and dive bombers on September 11, followed by the landing on September 17. American troops landed on the northeast and southeast coasts on September 17. The invasion was delayed when they encountered about 1,400 Japanese mines and snipers. They were caught in dense terrain infested with Japanese machine guns and snipers. The Japanese had also invaded the caves. In order to secure the cave, the American troops used bulldozers to seal off the entrance to the cave. The lack of food and water on the battlefield gradually drove the Japanese soldiers back, and the inside of the cave shelter took on the appearance of a dough prison with the moans of the seriously wounded as they sought suicide grenades. The Battle of Peleliu had already broken out between September 15 and November 27.
　Sergeant Hiroshi Funasaka, mortally wounded by the American onslaught, charged the American command post with a pistol in his left hand, a hand grenade in his right, and five grenades strapped to his body. He was shot in the left neck, fell into a coma, and lost consciousness for about two days before being rescued. Even though he was a prisoner of war wounded, he still attempted to attack the observers and blow up the airfield. After demobilization to Japan, he ran a bookstore where he learned about the advanced American culture that leads to prosperity and peace. He opened a bookstore in front of Shibuya station with just one tsubo (one square meter). This led to the creation of the Taiseido Bookstore, the first book department store in Japan to occupy an entire building.